People's behaviors are influenced by past experiences. Against the background of the famine that occurred in China from 1959 to 1961 and based on China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data from 2004 to 2011, we take advantage of both temporal and geographic variations in famine intensity to explore the long-term effects of famine experience on food consumption and examine the heterogeneous effecs across age cohorts by constructing a continuous difference-in-differences (DID) estimator. We find that famine experience affects people's food consumption behavior in the long term. Compared with the group that did not experience the famine, the consumption of staple foods increased while the consumption of meat and vegetables decreased for the group with famine experience, and this effect was heterogeneous across age cohorts and was most significant for the group that experienced famine in their 30 s. The effect of famine experience on food consumption was significantly heterogeneous across regions, household sizes, and income groups. The findings of this paper contribute to a better understanding of the long-term effects of famine experience on food consumption and provide a basis for improving the dietary quality of older adults.

A substantial decrease in corn prices caused by the policy reform in 2016 in China led to heterogeneous supply responses of corn producers: decreasing corn acreage, making no change in corn acreage, and expanding corn acreage. We investigate the causes and consequences of cropland allocation of the supply responses using the balanced panel data on corn-producing households from 2015 through 2016 in Heilongjiang Province. We find that the corn producers largely acted in accordance with their own household resource endowments to make their choice decisions in response to the corn price shocks. Our results show that the decrease in corn prices led to a small decline in total corn acreage and a considerable increase in total acreage for soybeans and rice in 2016 and that the increase in total soybean acreage was more through area expansion rather than through substitution. Our results also show that crop structure for large-scale producers was more responsive to corn price than for medium- and small-scale producers. Given that continuous corn rotation prevails currently in Heilongjiang, our major finding suggests that the acreages planted to corn and soybeans cannot be easily adjusted by the market.

[目的]在收入数量对膳食质量影响的边际效应递减的背景下,探讨收入质量对农户膳食质量的影响,有助于解决收入数量对膳食质量改善效应的瓶颈,为膳食质量改善措施的制定提供依据.[方法]本文利用2022年陕西省510份农户调查数据,首先从收入数量、结构性、稳定性、成本性和知识性5个维度出发,采用熵值法测算农户的收入质量.其次,通过比较食物实际摄入量与推荐摄入量的偏离程度评价农户的膳食质量.在此基础上,实证分析收入质量对农户膳食质量的影响及其异质性.[结果]收入质量的提升降低了谷薯类、蛋类、水产品、豆类和坚果的摄入量与膳食宝塔推荐摄入量的偏离程度,优化了膳食结构,并显著提升了农户膳食质量,且收入质量对低收入农户膳食质量的影响更加明显.[结论]提升农户的收入质量是突破膳食质量改善瓶颈的重要抓手.建议通过增加收入来源、加强技能培训、推广农业保险和完善医疗保障制度等措施提升农户的收入质量,从而提高农户膳食质量.并在政策的制定过程中,需要向低收入群体倾斜,建立更加多元化的食物供给体系.

Over the past 4 decades, China has experienced a nutritional transition and has developed the largest population of internet users. In this study, we evaluated the impacts of internet access on the nutritional intake in Chinese rural residents. An IV-Probit-based propensity score matching method was used to determine the impact of internet access on nutritional intake. The data were collected from 10,042 rural households in six Chinese provinces. The results reveal that rural residents with internet access have significantly higher energy, protein, and fat intake than those without. Chinese rural residents with internet access consumed 1.35% (28.62 kcal), 5.02% (2.61 g), and 4.33% (3.30 g) more energy, protein, and fat, respectively. There was heterogeneity in regard to the intake of energy, protein, and fat among those in different income groups. Moreover, non-staple food consumption is the main channel through which internet access affects nutritional intake. The results demonstrate that the local population uses the internet to improve their nutritional status. Further studies are required to investigate the impact of internet use on food consumed away from home and micronutrient intake.

[目的]基于中国农村微观经济数据,分析全面建成小康社会对农村居民肉类消费的影响.[方法]文章运用恩格尔模型和考虑"零消费"问题的近乎理想需求系统模型(AIDS)的两阶段模型,对全国8个省份的农户数据进行实证分析.[结果]首先,肉类食品的需求收入弹性均为正值,农村居民肉类需求随着收入增长而增加.其次,肉类食品需求收入弹性存在差异,其中,禽肉收入弹性最大,牛羊肉收入弹性最小.再次,不考虑"零消费"问题时,牛羊肉的需求弹性被高估0.12～0.29,猪肉的需求弹性被高估0～0.02.最后,到达全面建成小康社会的标准时,目前低于收入标准的农村居民人均猪肉、禽肉和牛羊肉消费量将分别增加3.42kg、1.86kg和0.57kg,消费结构将进一步优化.[结论]全面建成小康社会将促进农村居民人均收入增长,进而扩大人均肉类消费量、优化肉类消费结构;农村家庭户主受教育程度与肉类消费具有正向相关关系.

A complete demand system is estimated separately for urban and rural residents using a two‐stage almost ideal demand system–quadratic almost ideal demand system model and pooled provincial and time‐series data from 2000 to 2012. The estimated demand elasticities with respect to income and demographic variables are then used to predict the changes in the structure of food demand in China for the year 2030. Results of this study suggest that, as per capita incomes grow further while both urbanization and population aging continue their upward trends, the shares of expenditures on foods away from home are expected to rise while the shares of spending on foods at home would decline, and that at‐home food budget shares of grains are expected to continue decreasing whereas at‐home food budget shares of foods with animal origins and fruits would be on the rise. Thus, food security in China has been transformed into feed grain security.

This study estimates the impacts of income on body mass indices (BMIs) of male and female adults from both urban and rural areas in China under the neoclassic theory of obesity, using China Health and Nutrition Survey data during 1991–2011. Results of this study show that incomes has a significant inverted U-shaped impact on weight for both urban and rural males while having a negative effect on weight for urban females and positive effect on BMI for rural female, suggesting that further income growth is expected to lead to continuing growth of obesity for both urban and rural male adults as well as for rural female adults. Moreover, the strenuousness of physical activity, which is represented by types of jobs, significantly reduced the BMI for all adults except for urban females, implying that a decrease in the strenuousness of physical activity stemming from economic development and technological changes is an important factor leading to the growth of obesity for all adults and rural female adults.

基于Philipson&Posner[1]的理论,从技术进步角度入手,利用城乡居民近半个世纪的数据分析描绘出中国居民超重和肥胖这一健康危机产生的两个路径(食物消费结构和体力消耗)的传导机理和变化轨迹.结果表明:尽管食物价格有所上涨,但是对于人们迅速提高的收入来说,其实际价格下降了,这是促进食物消费从而导致中国城乡居民超重和肥胖的一个重要原因,也是农业技术进步后食物供给增加所带来的重要结果;工作强度、交通方式、休闲娱乐方式的改变降低了居民的体力消耗,这也是引发超重和肥胖的重要因素.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本研究利用2000—2010年全国31省城镇住户调查汇总数据,采用两阶段QUAIDS-QUAIDS模型,估计了城镇居民食物消费模式与收入的关系,预测了收入增长对城镇居民食物消费模式演变前景的影响。结果表明,随着人均收入的持续增长,城镇居民食物支出水平将会继续提高,食物支出占居民支出的比重将会继续下降,在外食物支出占食物总支出的比重将会进一步上升,动物性食物支出占食物总支出的比重将会进一步提高,水产品支出增长速度将会快于其他食物。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本文利用1995²013年中国大豆和大豆油市场数据,采用SDAIDS（来源区分AIDS）模型,对中国大豆和大豆油需求进行了定量分析。研究结果表明,中国大豆市场与大豆油市场是不可分的;不同来源的大豆和大豆油均存在着不完全替代关系;中国大豆市场规模扩张将会进一步拉动大豆进口总量;国产大豆与美国、巴西、阿根廷大豆存在着竞争关系,国产大豆价格下降将会显著抑制来源于美国、巴西和阿根廷的大豆进口量。</span>