为了明确红砖建筑固废作为路基填料路用性能,通过归纳总结并结合大量的室内试验,从颗粒组成、杂物含量、CBR值等提出红砖建筑固废的技术指标;利用不均匀系数和曲率系数对红砖建筑固废路基填料的级配进行评价,并对红砖击实前后的级配进行对比分析,击实后红砖总体的粒径减小,细料增长了 61.5％,击实前后的级配由不良转变为良好;对红砖建筑固废进行击实试验.结果表明,不同级配的最大干密度和最佳含水率的变化并不大,通过CBR试验,结果为132.79％完全满足路基规范要求,且当贯入量达到5 mm左右时,红砖建筑固废的CBR值达到最大.

经过近四十年改革开放,中国国有施工企业发展由劳动力密集型转为科技引领型,各企业都面临着"用工荒",不仅是普通劳动力紧张,技术人才也紧张,而后者更是制约国有施工企业发展的根本因素.国有企业必须深入分析原因,制定对策,才能解决这一难题.

In order to study the influence on surface deformation of shield tunnel in different construction schemes,this paper simulates the following several aspects on the basis of establishing the finite element model of shield tunnel.Which include surface settlement due to excavation under different driving thrust force and different buried depth of tunnel,surface settlement under large-area load after excavation and the influence on shield tunnel deformation of underground water level changes after the tunnel construction completed.The result shows that shield thrust force will lead to the front range of surface soil uplifted and the thrust force is larger,uplift deformation and range are bigger.Under the same thrust force,uplift deformation and range of deeply buried tunnel surface are smaller.The rise of ground water level will lead to rebound deformation of the shallow layer soil and the surface rebound value of shield tunnel beneath the ground is smaller than no shield tunnel beneath the ground.When ground water level from the arch bottom of shield tunnel increased to the central place and vault place gradually,shield tunnel structure will appear displacement and lateral displacement,and the higher the water level,the greater the displacement value.

Analysis and evaluation are made on the risks of hyperbaric operation in shield tunneling by comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method so as to effectively control the major hazards in tunnel construction and minimize accidents.The practice demonstrates that the method adopted can solve the problems in quantitative evaluations on the risks and has good operability.

After analyzing the back brushing plan of the inclining shaft into the main tunnel of Daliang Tunnel of Yuli Railway,the paper carries out the selection and optimization from safety,progress and economy,shortening the time of back brushing construction.

In order to control the major hazards existing in tunnel construction effectively,to prevent and reduce production safety accidents,this paper takes people chamber-entering work of shield tunnel for example,using methods such as fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze and evaluate its main risk.The results show that this method can solve the problem in quantitative evaluation about the evaluated object and has great operability.

As a part of the cost planning and control system,the estimated total cost is of great importance.Serious preparation of the estimated total cost is helpful to the improving of the project cost control capability and thus helpful to the achieving of better economic benefits.In the paper,the principle,contents and importance of the preparation of the estimated total cost for TBM-driven tunnel works are presented on basis of TBM-driven tunnel work cases.