As the mechanism of the soil-fungi -plant interaction under the tobacco intercropping model is unclear, and the contribution of this triple interaction to tobacco plant growth is still difficult to predict, so, in this paper, Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the effects of monoculture (CK) and intercropping with garlic (T1 and T2 treatments) on rhizosphere soil nutrients, enzyme activities, fungal community, tobacco plant growth, and to evaluate the regulation of rhizosphere soil microenvironment and plant productivity on intercropping. The results showed that intercropping significantly increased the nutrient, enzyme activity, fungal community diversity of rhizosphere soil and tobacco plant biomass. Although the dominant fungi in each treatment were the same at the gate level, the distribution ratio of dominant fungi was different. Correlation analysis showed that Ascomycota was positively correlated with all the nutrient and enzyme activity indexes, and the nutrient and enzyme activity indexes were positively correlated with the tobacco plants growth, which strongly indicated that the soil microenvironment under intercropping had a potential effect on the production performance of tobacco plants. In conclusion, tobacco intercropping not only increased the plants biomass, significantly improved the nutrients and enzyme activities of rhizosphere soil, optimized the composition and diversity of fungal community, which may be the result of soil-fungi-plant interaction. 由于在烤烟间作种植模式下土壤-真菌-植物相互作用的机制尚不清楚，且这种三重相互作用对烟株生长的贡献仍难以预测，因此本文采用Illumina高通量测序技术分析了烤烟单作（CK）和与大蒜间作（T1和T2处理）对烟株根际土壤养分、酶活性、真菌群落组成和烟株生长发育的影响，评价了间作对烟株根际土壤微环境和烟株生产力的调控。结果表明：烤烟间作大蒜显著提高了烟株根际土壤的养分、酶活性、真菌群落的多样性和烟株的生物量；虽然各个处理在门水平上的优势真菌是一样的，但优势真菌的分布比例有差异。相关性分析表明，Ascomycota与所有的养分和酶活性指标均呈正相关，而养分和酶活性指标又与烟株生长发育呈正相关，这强烈表明间作下的土壤微环境对烟株的生产性能有潜在的作用。综上所述，烤烟间作不仅增加了烟株的生物量、显著提高了根际土壤养分和酶活性、优化了真菌群落的组成和多样性，而这些可能是土壤-真菌-植物三者相互作用的结果。

This study used the tobacco variety Yunyan 87 as the material and conducted a field experiment with a three-factor three-level orthogonal design to investigate the effects of different sweet potato varieties, intercropping time, and intercropping density on the economic traits, physical properties, and chemical composition of tobacco plants under the intercropping of tobacco and sweet potatoes. The results showed that the economic traits, physical properties, and chemical composition of the intercropped tobacco plants were slightly better than those of the control (tobacco monoculture). Compared with the control, the yields, value, proportion of superior and medium tobacco leaves is 10.25%-20.42%, 0.58%- 1.31%, 2.48%-8.71%, and 2.91%-7.95% respectively; the leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, leaf weight, and leaf weight of quality is 1.21%-2.27%, 1.54%-2.66%, 9.61%-14.0%, 2.26%-3.29%, and 6.20%-7.35% respectively; total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, nicotine, and potassium ions is 1.07%-2.23%, 1.93%-2.34%, 0.69%-0.86%, 0.31%-0.60%, and 0.46%-0.64%, while chloride ions is 14.28% - 21.01% in the intercropped plants. Although there were differences in the physical properties and chemical composition of the tobacco leaves under the intercropping treatment, the tobacco leaves from different parts all met the standards of high-quality tobacco leaves. Among them, the T5 treatment had the largest increase in yield (20.42%) and the proportion of superior leaves (7.52%). Therefore, from an economic perspective, it is recommended to adopt the T5 treatment when intercropping tobacco and sweet potatoes in Fuquan City.

As the mechanism of the microbe-soil-tobacco interaction remains unclear and the contribution of tobacco plant growth is still difficult to predict, the chemical propertie and microbes of soil in tobacco/garlic intercropping system, the relevance of the soil chemical properties and the genes involved in C, N cycling and plant degradation (organic matter turnover) were studied by metagenome sequencing. The results showed that the intercropping treatment (T)significantly enhanced the content of organic matter(OM) ,the available nitrogen (AN) , the available phosphorus(AP) ,the available potassium content(AK), microbe number and the microbial biomass nitrogen,as well as the activity of urease , phosphatase ,invertase compared to monocropping treatment (CK), Especially the content of OM ,AN,AP,AK increased significantly by 29.46%,19.75%, 10.37%,17.42% in rhizosphere of T treatment than CK treatment. The content of polyphenol oxidase activity and microbial biomass carbon significantly decreased in T treatment with by 22.61% and 9.03% relative to CK treatment. Metagenomic analysis showed that the relative abundances of genes related to C cycling (ACA,sdhA,sdhB, sucD, mdh) , N cycling (glnA)and plant degradation (bglX) were higher in the T treatment than the CK treatment. Compared to the CK treatmen, the relative abundance of ACA, sdhA, sdhB, sucD,mdh,glnA and bglX were espectively 26.06%, 39.37%, 48.27%, 32.44%, 57.55%,14.28% and 2.39% higher in the T treatment. The intercropping system changed the chemical properties as well as the abundance of microbes, and subsequently regulate genes involved in C, N cycling and plant degradation, these improved the soil environment and leaded to the increase of tobacco plant biomass.

Aristolochic acid (AA) has strong carcinogenicity, and it has been reported that the medicinal and edible plant Houttuynia cordata may contain AA. Among transition metals, nickel and iron have outstanding catalytic ability for nitro reduction. The multivalent NiFe2O4 (NFO), which effectively promotes the redox reaction, has become a promising electrochemical material. In this work, we innovatively used a one-pot hydrothermal method to prepare NFO in situ on the surface of carbon nanotubes. For the first time, the composite NiFe2O4@MWCNTs (NFO@CNTs) was utilized to build a sensitive electrochemical sensor for detecting AA. The NFO@CNTs/GCE exhibited strong electrochemical performance due to the synergistic effect of high catalytic activity of NFO and good conductivity of carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, in order to provide a basis for the safe use of Houttuynia cordata, the electrochemical senor was successfully applied to detect AA in Chinese herbal medicines, confirming its practicability in real samples. This work broadens the application of nickel ferrite, which is expected to be a new candidate material for sensors.

As the promotive/complementary mechanism of the microbe–soil–tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) interaction remains unclear and the contribution of this triple interaction to tobacco growth is not predictable, the effects of intercropping on soil nutrients, enzymatic activity, microbial community composition, plant growth, and plant quality were studied, and the regulatory mechanism of intercropping on plant productivity and soil microenvironment (fertility and microorganisms) were evaluated. The results showed that the soil organic matter (OM), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), the urease activity (UE) and sucrase activity (SC), the diversity, abundance, and total and unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of bacteria and fungi as well as plant biomass in T1 (intercropping onion), T2 (intercropping endive), and T3 (intercropping lettuce) treatments were significantly higher than those of the controls (monocropping tobacco). Although the dominant bacteria and fungi at the phylum level were the same for each treatment, LEfSe analysis showed that significant differences in community structure composition and the distribution proportion of each dominant community were different. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes of bacteria and Ascomycota and Basidiomycetes of fungi in T1, T2, and T3 treatments were higher than those of the controls. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested a close relation between soil characteristic parameters and microbial taxa. The correlation analysis between the soil characteristic parameters and the plant showed that the plant biomass was closely related to soil characteristic parameters. In conclusion, the flue-cured tobacco intercropping not only increased plant biomass and improved chemical quality but also significantly increased rhizospheric soil nutrient and enzymatic activities, optimizing the microbial community composition and diversity of rhizosphere soil. The current study highlighted the importance of microbe–soil–tobacco interactions in maintaining plant productivity and provided the potential fertilization practices in flue-cured tobacco production to maintain ecological sustainability.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a significant secondary metabolite of Cannabis sativa L., has pharmacological effects for the treatment of a variety of health conditions, including nerve protection, epilepsy, anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and cancer, which have garnered increasing interest in recent years. Herein, an electrochemical sensing platform was constructed for ultrasensitive determination of CBD, on the base of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) chemically modified with carbon black (CB) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (CB/AuNPs/GCE). The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of prepared CB/AuNPs/GCE were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical technologies. The effects of pH, scanning rate, enrichment time, enrichment potential and the speculated mechanism of cannabidiol reaction at modified electrode were studied in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the fabricated sensing platform exhibited a great linear response of 0.42 mu A mu M-1 in the concentration range of 0.25 similar to 50.0 mu M. The prepared CB/AuNPs/GCE showed long-term stability, good repeatability and high practicability in real samples of industrial hemp. The proposed sensor can be further enhanced for portable and rapid detection of plant secondary metabolites, providing a basis for food detection, agricultural development, and drug detection.

Abstract Screening of potassium efficient genotypes will be one of the best ways to solve the low potassium content of flue-cured tobacco. The study was conducted to determine whether the potassium efficient genotypes could be screening with high K+ uptake efficiency. The K+ uptake characteristics of a high K+ content line (GK8) and the conventional cultivated variety (K326) of flue-cured tobacco were compared at the seedling stage. Km, Cmin, and Imax values were higher in young seedlings (4 ∼ 5 versus 6 ∼ 7 leaf stage) and cultures with high initial K+ concentration (0.35 versus 0.25 mmol L−1). Culture solutions with a high K+ concentration (2.0 versus 0.6 mmol L−1) showed a high Km, and Cmin, but the Imax was lower as compared with the young seedlings and the solution with high initial K+ concentration. In conclusion, the GK8 line had a stronger ability for limited K+ uptake than K.