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Is global change tuning the invisible engine of the freshwater world?
“A lake is the landscape's most beautiful and expressive feature. It is the earth's eye.” With these words, Henry David Thoreau expressed his admiration for the aesthetic value of lakes. He was unaware that below their surface, billions of microorganisms act as invisible ‘engines’ to drive crucial cycles of Earth’s essential elements, particularly carbon. As opposed to the oceans, most freshwater systems are net emitters of CO2, in large part due to bacterial respiration of terrestrial organic carbon. Globally, they are estimated to emit a net amount of CO2 to the atmosphere (1.5 Pg) that is similar to the net uptake by the oceans (2.6 Pg).
Because they are smaller than marine systems, freshwater ecosystem functioning is more vulnerable to the impacts of global change (land use change, invasive species, and climate change). Yet, freshwater carbon cycling is rarely incorporated into global carbon budgets. This exclusion means that we lack proper models to evaluate the responses of freshwater carbon cycling to global change. Existing ecosystem modeling approaches in any system generally make abstraction of the specific composition and activity of microbial communities. In order to explore how specific microbial community metrics (species diversity, genetic diversity underlying specific functions, ...) may improve modeling of freshwater carbon cycling responses to anthropogenic change, we need to first improve our grasp of the relationship between carbon metabolism and the dynamics and functioning of bacteria, archaea, and their viruses—the main drivers of carbon and nutrient cycling.
Is global change tuning the invisible engine of the freshwater world?
“A lake is the landscape's most beautiful and expressive feature. It is the earth's eye.” With these words, Henry David Thoreau expressed his admiration for the aesthetic value of lakes. He was unaware that below their surface, billions of microorganisms act as invisible ‘engines’ to drive crucial cycles of Earth’s essential elements, particularly carbon. As opposed to the oceans, most freshwater systems are net emitters of CO2, in large part due to bacterial respiration of terrestrial organic carbon. Globally, they are estimated to emit a net amount of CO2 to the atmosphere (1.5 Pg) that is similar to the net uptake by the oceans (2.6 Pg).
Because they are smaller than marine systems, freshwater ecosystem functioning is more vulnerable to the impacts of global change (land use change, invasive species, and climate change). Yet, freshwater carbon cycling is rarely incorporated into global carbon budgets. This exclusion means that we lack proper models to evaluate the responses of freshwater carbon cycling to global change. Existing ecosystem modeling approaches in any system generally make abstraction of the specific composition and activity of microbial communities. In order to explore how specific microbial community metrics (species diversity, genetic diversity underlying specific functions, ...) may improve modeling of freshwater carbon cycling responses to anthropogenic change, we need to first improve our grasp of the relationship between carbon metabolism and the dynamics and functioning of bacteria, archaea, and their viruses—the main drivers of carbon and nutrient cycling.
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E. Anders Kiledal,Laura A. Reitz, Esmee Q. Kulper,Jacob Evans, Ruqaiya Siddiqui,Vincent J. Denef,Gregory J. Dick
HARMFUL ALGAE (2024): 102580-102580
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGYno. 2 (2024): e16585-e16585
crossref(2024)
MLIFEno. 4 (2023): 401-415
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