Nucleic Acid-Modified Liposome: Construction Methods and Biological Applications

Liposomes with excellent biocompatibility have been widely used in nutraceutical and biomedical fields for delivery of bioactive molecules. Functional nucleic acids including aptamers that have good target recognizing ability and molecular assembly properties can be used to modify liposomes to expand their applications. This review comprehensively summarizes and comparatively discusses the construction strategies including covalent methods, noncovalent methods, and protein-mediated methods for fabricating nucleic acid-modified liposomes. Their applications in stability enhancement, biosensing, drug delivery, and synthesis of biomimetic structures are then reviewed. From above, it is concluded that the nucleic acid-modified liposome, as a newly developed advanced material, has a good potential to be applied for biosensor or pharmaceutical purposes.