Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) is a cornerstone algorithm in quantum computing, with applications ranging from integer factorization to quantum chemistry simulations. However, the resource demands of standard QPE, which require a large number of coherent qubits and deep circuits, pose significant challenges for current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. In this work, we introduce the Adaptive Windowed Quantum Phase Estimation (AWQPE) algorithm, a novel method designed to address the limitations of standard QPE. AWQPE utilizes small, independent blocks of m> 1 control qubits to estimate multiple phase bits simultaneously within a "window," thereby significantly reducing the number of coherent qubits required to achieve a desired precision. These independent blocks are amenable to parallelization and, when combined with a robust least-significant-bit (LSB) to most-significant-bit (MSB) ambiguity resolution mechanism, enhance the algorithm's accuracy while mitigating the risk of error propagation. Our numerical simulations demonstrate AWQPE's accuracy and improved robustness relative to standard QPE under representative noise models, showcasing a favorable balance between resource efficiency and computational speed. This makes AWQPE particularly well-suited for near-term quantum platforms.
Drawing on multi-sited ethnographic research on a school-based cadet program in Kerala, India, this article complicates prevailing understandings of religious accommodation. It examines unofficial and tacit sartorial adjustments negotiated by cadets, families, and teachers to enable Muslim girls' participation in the cadet program. These practices demonstrate that religious accommodation is not a unilateral act of a secular state, but a reciprocal, pragmatic process shaped by everyday negotiations in specific socio-political contexts.
This study investigates the ballistic impact response of composite armour panels manufactured with infusible Methyl Methacrylate, thermoplastic (Elium (R)) resin, reinforced with three distinct plain weave fibre systems: carbon, Kevlar, and Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE). Both monolithic and hybrid panel configurations were assessed. The primary aim is to evaluate the feasibility of Elium (R)-based composite armour for ballistic protection and to determine the influence of fibre hybridisation on impact resistance and damage characteristics. Composite panels were manufactured using vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding, incorporating 16 layers of plain-woven carbon, Kevlar, UHMWPE, and their 8-layered hybrid combinations (carbon/ Kevlar, Kevlar/carbon, carbon/UHMWPE, and UHMWPE/carbon). Ballistic testing employed .38 SPL lead round nose projectiles (300 +/- 15 m/s) and .357 MAG semi-jacketed soft point flat projectiles (550 +/- 15 m/s). Ballistic performance was evaluated by analysing damage patterns, back face deformation, energy absorption, and residual velocity. X-ray imaging provided an internal damage assessment. Kevlar and UHMWPE-based panels successfully stopped the .38 projectile with minimal back face deformation. In contrast, carbon-reinforced panels exhibited significant residual velocities and did not prevent projectile penetration in the monolithic condition. All single-fibre-reinforced panels were perforated by the .357 projectile, though to varying extents. Among the hybrid systems, Kevlar-backed carbon-facing panels demonstrated superior ballistic resistance compared to the carbon-backed Kevlar-facing configuration. The carbon/UHMWPE hybrid exhibited relatively poor performance, as only one .38 projectile was successfully stopped. For the carbon-backed UHMWPE-front hybrid panel, all projectiles perforated the panel. Kevlar and Kevlar-backed hybrid panels achieved the highest energy absorption and lowest residual velocities, indicating Kevlar's superior energy dissipation properties in hybrid armour systems. These results demonstrate the potential of Elium (R) resin-based composite panels for advanced ballistic protection and highlight the critical role of fibre hybridisation in improving the ballistic performance of composite armour.
In this study, we investigate electromagnetic and Dirac test field perturbations of a charged regular black hole arising from quantum gravity effects, commonly referred to as the Frolov black hole, a regular (nonsingular) black hole solution. We derive the master wave equations for massless electromagnetic and Dirac perturbations and solve them using the standard Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method along with Padé Averaging. From these solutions, we extract the dominant and overtone quasinormal mode (QNM) frequencies along with the associated grey-body factors, highlighting the deviations introduced by quantum gravity corrections compared to the classical case of Reissner-Nordström black hole. Furthermore, we analyze the Unruh-Verlinde temperature of this spacetime, providing quantitative estimates of how quantum gravity effects influence both quasinormal ringing and particle emission in nonsingular black hole models.
We present a large-scale experimental study of quantum-computing-based molecular simulation carried out on IQM's Sirius 24-qubit superconducting processor, utilizing up to 16 operational qubits. The work employs Sample-based Quantum Diagonalization (SQD) together with the Local Unitary Cluster Jastrow (LUCJ) ansatz to estimate ground-state energies for a set of benchmark molecules, including H_2, LiH, BeH_2, H_2O, and NH_3. In addition, we introduce a Linear-CNOT variant of the Unitary Coupled-Cluster Singles and Doubles (LCNot-UCCSD) ansatz within the SQD workflow, trading higher circuit depth for reduced classical preprocessing. A comparison between these ansätze is provided, clarifying their respective strengths, limitations, and suitability for near-term quantum hardware. We further explore potential energy landscapes through 1D scans for H_2 and HeH^+ using both STO-3G and 6-31G basis sets, and for LiH and BeH_2 in STO-3G. Extending beyond this, we demonstrate the experimental construction of a full 2D potential energy surface for the water molecule on quantum hardware, mapped over a 32 × 32 grid in bond length and bond angle. To move beyond small benchmark systems, we combine SQD(LUCJ) with Density Matrix Embedding Theory (DMET) to compute active-space energies for a set of ligand-like molecules, as well as the pharmacologically relevant amantadine system. Across all studies, the majority of quantum-computed energies agree with reference FCI results, as well as with DMET-CASCI energies for embedded systems, to within chemical accuracy for the chosen basis sets. These results demonstrate the reliability of sample-based diagonalization approaches and underscore the potential of hybrid embedding strategies for extending quantum simulations to increasingly complex molecular systems, while also highlighting their practicality on current IQM quantum hardware.
