All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal

Physical or sexual abuse in childhood is a risk factor for violence and harassment in future intimate partner, which is a critical health concern globally. Several studies have been proposed to address the influence of attachment on violence in general, but few studies are available highlighting the role of attachment on dating violence. We explore how attachment is linked to dating violence among youth. We predict that gender would have a moderating role between attachment and dating violence among youth. The present research was Online-Questionnaire-based and employed a predictive correlational research design. Our sample consisted of 1,246 participants aged 18 to 22 years, selected using a convenience sampling method. Moderation analysis was used to analyze the data. Moderation analysis shows partial acceptance of the hypotheses. We found a moderating influence of gender among participants who exhibited an ambivalent attachment style, which is significant for males. Gender did not moderate the relationship for secure and avoidant attachment styles toward dating violence among youth. These findings offer novel insights into prevention programs aimed at reducing dating and domestic violence, emphasizing the pivotal role of attachment security and insecurity in mitigating the risk of violence in dating relationships.

BackgroundPrimary tumor-induced osteomalacia (PTIO), a paraneoplastic syndrome, is caused by typically benign mesenchymal tumors that secrete fi broblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). This hormone disrupts vitamin D synthesis and phosphate metabolism, manifesting as bone pain, muscle weakness, fractures, hypophosphatemia, and low vitamin D due to renal phosphate wasting. Patients often face delayed diagnosis due to vague symptoms mimicking other conditions and challenges in locating small tumors.MethodsThis case series reports four PTIO cases managed at a single Indian institute. Diagnosis involved biochemical tests (elevated FGF23, low TmP/GFR), functional imaging (68Ga-DOTANOC PET-CT, FDG PET), and anatomical imaging(MRI, CT). Tumors were resected with wide margins; histopathology confirmed phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors.ResultsTumor locations included anteroinferior iliac spine, proximal humerus, pectineus muscle, and proximal tibia. All patients achieved 100% functional recovery at 1-year follow-up, with normalization of phosphate levels and independence from supplementation (except one initial recurrence in case 4, successfully revised). Mean diagnostic delay was 4 years; post-resection complications were minimal.ConclusionsThis case series demonstrates excellent long-term outcomes of surgical resection in PTIO, and emphasizes on high index of suspicion, multimodality imaging, and wide margin excision. This series bridges gaps in Indian data on rare PTIO, advocating early detection to reduce morbidity.

Children with empyema thoracis often respond to medical management, but some do not, and require surgical intervention. Prediction of failure of medical management will help to guide further management and plan surgical intervention. To systematically review literature for clinical, radiological, laboratory, or microbiological predictors, associated with failure of medical management or the need for surgery in children with empyema thoracis. A systematic search was conducted in seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Open Grey) and four trial registries. Observational studies exploring predictors of treatment failure in empyema thoracis were eligible. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Data were analyzed in accordance with the review protocol. Amongst 12,311 citations identified, seven studies were included. One study identified three statistically significant predictors of medical treatment failure, viz. immediate ICU admission: OR (95

There is conflicting evidence regarding the optimal management strategy for cervical radiculopathy. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relative effectiveness of nonsurgical treatment and surgical care in adult patients with cervical radiculopathy. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing nonsurgical treatment with surgical treatment. All statistical analyses were performed using RevMan version 5.4. Five RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Surgical treatment significantly improved neck pain (SMD 0.70, 95

Abstract Background The literature on the age variability and its effect on clinical outcome of patients undergoing awake craniotomy (AC) procedure is lacking. We aimed to compare the varied age groups as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) with the clinical outcome of patients undergoing AC. Methods Retrospective data of patients who underwent AC from January 1, 2016, to August 1, 2024, were collected. Data pertaining to pre-anesthetic evaluation, intraoperative management and postoperative course were collected. The primary outcomes of our study were length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital. Results A total of 127 patients underwent AC procedure during the study period. The patients included children (N = 12; 9%), youth (N = 19; 15%), young (N = 76; 60%), middle age (N = 15; 12%) and old (N = 5; 4%). The old age group had a longer length of stay in the ICU (2 ± 2.61 days; p = 0.01). Intraoperative conversion to GA was found to have a negative association with ICU length of stay in young patients (coefficient − 1.18 [− 1.91 to − 0.46], p = 0.002). The length of stay in the hospital was comparable across age groups (p = 0.35). Conclusion Awake craniotomy is safe and feasible across age groups, though subgroup findings, especially in the elderly, should be interpreted with caution. In young adults, intraoperative conversion to GA associated with shorter ICU stay may reflect underlying confounding factors rather than a true beneficial effect.