The All-Russian Institute Of Aviation Materials (VIAM) (Russian: Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов) is a state research centre of the Russian Federation based in Moscow, Russia, established in 1932.VIAM has broad responsibility for research, development, testing, and certification of all metallic and nonmetallic materials used in the Russian aerospace industry. Over 90 percent of the materials used in Soviet aircraft and space vehicles were developed at VIAM.
The requirements, testing procedures, compositions, and the performance characteristics of elastomeric heat-shielding materials for internal surfaces of missile engines are reviewed.
The aging of a series of aviation fiberglass and carbon fiber reinforced plastics based on epoxy binders after three years of exposure in different climatic zones was studied in terms of changes in compressive and bending strength limits. It has been shown that the destruction of the surface layer of exposed samples reduces the accuracy of measuring their thickness and significantly increases the scatter of the measured parameters. The variation coefficients of strength indicators and fracture loads are compared for the studied materials.
The dehydration of magnesium-chloride-based fluxes for magnesium alloys is studied by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and IR spectroscopy analysis of the released gases. The results obtained make it possible to choose the temperature–time conditions for drying fluxes so as to ensure uniform mass loss, which reduces the occurrence of structural stresses.
Results of investigation of the stability of supersaturated solid solution under different quenching conditions of sheets of the heat-hardenable Al–Mg–Si aluminum alloy with the small copper addition (Al‒0.6Mg–1.0Si–0.2Cu) are reported. Samples were subjected to isothermal or continuous quenching at different quenching cooling rate; after that, the artificial aging at 170°С is performed. Results of thermodynamic simulation of the equilibrium phase composition of the alloy allow us to find that, for a temperature range of 300 to 530°С, the presence of the β phase (Mg 2 Si) is most probable. Transmission electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis allow us to find that, upon quenching, the decomposition of supersaturated solid solution leads to the precipitation of undesirable coarse particles of metastable β-type and equilibrium β phases. The precipitates nucleate in the form of rod-like particles via the heterogeneous mechanism mainly at the surface of α-phase (Al 15 (Mn,Fe) 3 Si 2 ) dispersoids which, in such a way, increase the quenching sensitivity of the alloy. The formation of above precipitates at the low quenching rate determines the decrease in the fraction and formation density of strengthening β 1pt” -phase particles upon subsequent aging and leads to the increase in their sizes and nonuniformity of distribution in the aluminum matrix. This decreases the precipitation strengthening potential upon aging and the corrosion resistance of the material.
