The hotel fire disaster, which occurred in Bolu Kartalkaya, one of the important centers of winter tourism in Türkiye, resulted in 78 deaths. This fire disaster is one of the few events that require a multidimensional legal analysis within the framework of administrative responsibility and service defect principles in administrative law, as well as the punishment of those responsible. The administration has the right to close businesses that violate legislation and have deficiencies that endanger people's lives and property. Similarly, disaster and fire safety inspections are a public duty that cannot be left to the arbitrary application and unilateral discretion of administrations. Administrative measures and legislative changes are essential to protect the public from disasters and fires. To intervene effectively in all kinds of emergencies, the administrative measures that need to be taken and the legislative changes that need to be made should be made with the contributions of all parties of the subject and the sector. This study examines the administration's authority and responsibilities in licensing hotel enterprises, supervising fire precautions, and managing emergency response processes, regardless of ongoing judicial activity. In addition, to examine the issue from a public law perspective within the framework of the distribution of powers and responsibilities among relevant administrative units, audit weaknesses, and the principles of service defect in administrative law, this study aims to offer constructive suggestions on legislation and administrative structure.
True coincidence summing (TCS) effects on a LaBr3(Ce) scintillation detector were systematically investigated using experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations with RayXpert and EFFTRAN software at source-to-detector distances of 2-10 cm. TCS correction factors showed agreement between RayXpert and EFFTRAN at 10 cm (<2.1% difference), with larger deviations ranging from −0.3%-10.2% were observed at 4 cm. After applying the correction factors to the experimental raw efficiency values, experimental efficiencies agreed with simulations within < 3% at 4 cm source-to-detector distance. TCS effects decreased systematically with distance, and depended strongly on decay scheme complexity, with the magnitude of the TCS corrections was most pronounced for 152Eu, with the correction factor reaching 1.039 ± 0.006 at 2 cm for the 244.7 keV photopeak, corresponding to a deviation of approximately 3.9% from unity. 137Cs and 241Am showed only smaller effects (<0.5% at all distances) compared with the other gamma energies of the other radionuclides used in this study. At distances ≥ 8 cm, TCS corrections for most photopeaks were below the experimental uncertainty. The results validate Monte Carlo-based TCS correction methodology and provide practical guidance for optimizing measurement geometries in gamma-ray spectrometry with medium resolution detectors.
Abstract This study examines whether wall material, hollow concrete block or solid clay brick, was associated with collapse-related failure in 516 nonengineered legacy rural masonry buildings in Antakya, Hatay, after the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence. Damage states were grouped into binary Failure and Nonfailure classes within a spatially constrained observational comparison. Because nonfailure outcomes were sparse, Firth penalized logistic regression was applied to reduce small-sample bias. The overall failure rate was 89.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 87.0%–92.2%). Solid brick buildings showed a higher observed failure rate (96.4%) than hollow block buildings (89.2%), but the association was not statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) = 2.56; 95% profile-penalized-likelihood interval = 0.83–12.66; p = 0.109 ]; building height was likewise nonsignificant (OR = 1.16; p = 0.746 ). Adjustment for construction period and neighborhood gave a similar material estimate (OR = 2.47; p = 0.134 ), whereas neighborhood showed the strongest recorded association with failure ( p < 0.001 ), with failure rates of 78.9% to 96.0% across three adjacent neighborhoods. A design-based simulation indicated limited detection probability; the data therefore neither demonstrates nor excludes a material effect. System-level features were not recorded as building-level variables. Wall material alone is insufficient as a standalone screening criterion.
Background/Aim: Nutritional care also encompasses the evidence-based care of enteral and parenteral nutrition access routes and patient/caregiver education, aiming to minimize nutrition-related complications and optimize outcomes. Turkish Enteral Parenteral Nutrition Society (KEPAN) aimed to develop a consensus report to provide concise, clear, and practical recommendations for all healthcare givers to improve the care of nutritional access routes and ensure safety. Methods: This consensus report was developed by a 12-member working group through a five-phase process conducted over 18 mo (February 2024 to August 2025), involving 6 face-to-face and 18 online meetings. Eighteen questions were identified across 4 sections: 1) Safety of the patient and caregiver and ensuring standard patient care, 2) Care of access routes in enteral nutrition, 3) Care of access routes in parenteral nutrition, and 4) Patient/caregiver education. Recommendations and comments were developed through a systematic literature review, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published after 2010 in the EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases. Finally, the recommendations were sent to KEPAN extended consensus group, comprising 43 members, using a Delphi methodology. All 18 recommendations were accepted in the first Delphi round, with no items rejected; only minor comments were raised during the first and second rounds. The final report was approved by all 43 panelists without further revision. Results: The consensus report emphasizes standardized protocols and patient safety practices in nutritional care. Key recommendations address safe management of nutritional access routes, including feeding tube positioning and patency, gastrostomy/jejunostomy and catheter/port care, prevention and management of access-related complications, safe medication administration, and structured patient/caregiver education for home nutritional therapy. Conclusions: This consensus report offers a practical and standardized reference for healthcare professionals involved in clinical nutritional therapy. These recommendations are intended to complement international guidelines and to be applied in consideration of individual patient characteristics, available resources, and local clinical practices. (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
This study aimed to examine in depth the digital parenting experiences of parents who had children attending primary school. The study was conducted as a case study within a qualitative research approach. The participants were 12 parents whose children were enrolled in Grades 1-4 during the 2022-2023 academic year. Data were collected through a personal information form and an open-ended interview form and were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Four main themes were identified, digital tools in children's lives, parental responses to children's digital tool use, the perceived effects of digital tools on children, and parents' own digital tool use. The findings showed that children were introduced to digital tools at approximately age two and commonly used smartphones, television, and tablets. Although parents supported children's beneficial use of digital tools, they were concerned about their children's possible exposure to risky situations in digital environments. Parents most often described themselves as having a guiding role in children's digital tool use, while some also emphasized consistency and tolerance in parenting behavior.
