This study screens construction and demolition waste (CDW)-based geopolymer composites containing a fixed graphene oxide (GO) dosage and varying graphene (G) contents to examine mechanical, electrochemical, and cradle-to-gate environmental trade-offs. Reduced-size specimens were tested in compression, while powder-coated carbon-paper electrodes were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode configuration. Low graphene loading retained a compressive strength of approximately 15.2 MPa for G1. Across G0–G4, the apparent CV-derived gravimetric capacitance increased from approximately 280 to 460 F/g at 5 mV/s. These values are reported as uncorrected screening estimates because the bare carbon-paper background was not subtracted and the deposited active mass was not independently verified. G5 was excluded from candidate consideration because its compressive strength decreased to approximately 2 MPa, representing an approximately 87% reduction relative to G0. The cradle-to-gate global warming potential, reported per 1 m3 of bulk composite, increased from approximately 478 kg CO2-eq for the plain geopolymer to 1219 kg CO2-eq for G1 and 5924 kg CO2-eq for G5, primarily because of G and GO production. G1 represented the most favorable screening compromise among the graphene-containing formulations, but its strength limits it to non-structural or semi-structural material-screening contexts. The study identifies formulation-level trade-offs and future testing requirements rather than demonstrating a structural supercapacitor or a field-ready energy-storage material.
In this paper, a new numerical scheme for optimal control of jump-diffusion model is proposed by using stohastic Runge-Kutta (SRK) method. After discretizing the problem with the SRK method, optimality conditions are obtained by using the discretize-then-optimize approach. It is shown that the constructed numerical scheme is similar to the continuous optimality conditions obtained by using the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. Moreover, a numerical scheme for control problems of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) with jump is presented as a simple version of jump diffusion equations. Some numerical examples are chosen to show the efficiency of the theoretical results.
Background/Aim: Nutritional care also encompasses the evidence-based care of enteral and parenteral nutrition access routes and patient/caregiver education, aiming to minimize nutrition-related complications and optimize outcomes. Turkish Enteral Parenteral Nutrition Society (KEPAN) aimed to develop a consensus report to provide concise, clear, and practical recommendations for all healthcare givers to improve the care of nutritional access routes and ensure safety. Methods: This consensus report was developed by a 12-member working group through a five-phase process conducted over 18 mo (February 2024 to August 2025), involving 6 face-to-face and 18 online meetings. Eighteen questions were identified across 4 sections: 1) Safety of the patient and caregiver and ensuring standard patient care, 2) Care of access routes in enteral nutrition, 3) Care of access routes in parenteral nutrition, and 4) Patient/caregiver education. Recommendations and comments were developed through a systematic literature review, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published after 2010 in the EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases. Finally, the recommendations were sent to KEPAN extended consensus group, comprising 43 members, using a Delphi methodology. All 18 recommendations were accepted in the first Delphi round, with no items rejected; only minor comments were raised during the first and second rounds. The final report was approved by all 43 panelists without further revision. Results: The consensus report emphasizes standardized protocols and patient safety practices in nutritional care. Key recommendations address safe management of nutritional access routes, including feeding tube positioning and patency, gastrostomy/jejunostomy and catheter/port care, prevention and management of access-related complications, safe medication administration, and structured patient/caregiver education for home nutritional therapy. Conclusions: This consensus report offers a practical and standardized reference for healthcare professionals involved in clinical nutritional therapy. These recommendations are intended to complement international guidelines and to be applied in consideration of individual patient characteristics, available resources, and local clinical practices. (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
The profust reliability is based on fuzzy state assumption for the system under concern and uses probability measure in reliability evaluation. In this study, the profust reliability of the parallel system that consists of non-identical components is considered by defining an appropriate membership function which depends on the number of failed components. The profust reliability of the system follows a mixture model. Age-based replacement policy is also studied and necessary conditions are obtained for the existence of the finite and unique optimal replacement time.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare disease characterized by the inability of the kidney to respond to vasopressin and concentrate urine. Hereditary NDI is primarily caused by mutations in the arginine vasopressin receptor-2 (AVPR2) gene, which enables the response to antidiuretic hormone. Mutations may lead to misfolding of the mutant AVPR2 protein or its retention within the Endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Therefore, patients cannot respond to antidiuretic hormone and concentrate urine. Consequently, in untreated patients severe dehydration and hypernatremia may occur depending on the severity of the disease. Low-sodium and protein diet, using thiazide diuretics, and amiloride treatment are the conventional and standard treatments for NDI. Besides, many in vitro functional analysis studies have been focused on pharmacological chaperones for restoring function of NDI-causing AVPR2 mutants. Vaptans, which are known as vasopressin receptor antagonists and also pharmacological chaperones, are among the current and controversial topics for developing new treatment strategies for NDI. This study aims to review the in vitro studies on vaptans which are targeted to restore expression and function of mutant AVPR2s that cause NDI and highlight the importance of their effectiveness according to the type of mutation.
