安那大学

The development of aluminum-air batteries provide a promising solution for stabilizing intermittent renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind. A significant challenge to their large-scale deployment is the stability on aluminum electrodes in the electrolyte, which presents both economic and corrosion-related challenges. Issues related to corrosion, cost and electrode thinning compromises the performance of aluminum electrodes. Nonetheless, aluminum alloys are emerging as a compelling alternative for aluminium electrodes due to their high electrochemical activity and ease of processing. Herein, an integrated framework that combines Pourbaix diagrams (PD) with finite element modeling (FEM) is proposed to systematically investigate the stability of aluminum-based electrode materials. Within this framework, PD predict the stability regions of key electro active species of aluminum and its alloys, such as Al (OH)3, AlO2-and Al (OH)4-, under various pH, concentration and temperature. PD offer a comprehensive assessment of material behavior in corrosive environments. A FEM model incorporated in the framework illustrates thinning of the electrode-electrolyte interface due to electrode corrosion. The model predictions are validated against experimental data in an inbuilt cell, showing good agreement in electrode thickness reduction and corrosion rate predictions under acidic conditions. The model shows that pure Al obtained a pit with a depth of 1.31 mm at overpotential of 1.93 V, while Al 7075 eroded into a 1.9 mm pit at 1.87 V, thus having a larger corroded area. These findings provide a foundation for screening aluminum-based electrodes based on corrosion rates and thermodynamics parameters for batteries used in energy storage systems.

Effective use of by-products is a very efficient method for improving sustainability and efficiently handling and disposing of agricultural waste produced in the fruits and vegetable processing industries. These by-products could be of commercial value if they are used in the right technical applications. In this context, we utilize 1%, 2%, and 3 wt% of turmeric residue-extracted curcumin (TE-CUR), derived from biomass waste, incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) blend was prepared by solution casting method to detect observable pH color changes that indicate food deterioration. All prepared PLA/PCL blends were evaluated for packaging performance. SEM, FTIR, and XRD analyses indicated effective miscibility and uniform distribution of TE-CUR in the blends. TGA results demonstrated enhanced thermal stability with TE-CUR addition. Mechanical testing revealed that the blend with 3% TE-CUR displayed maximum flexibility, achieving an elongation at break of 13.05%, over twice that of pure PLA (7.2%). Additionally, water vapor and oxygen permeability tests confirmed that TE-CUR improved the barrier properties of the PLA/PCL blends. The antimicrobial test and DPPH assay used to investigate TE-CUR extract in ethanol clearly demonstrated that the film samples have a strong antimicrobial activity and antioxidant impact due to the tunable release of TE-CUR. The PLA/PCL/TE-CUR blended film was assessed for its ability to prolong the shelf life of fresh cut apples at 4 degrees C, revealing a significant color change indicative of deterioration of fruits. The findings suggest that this novel biodegradable blend could serve as an effective, cost-efficient smart indicator for active food packaging.

Precast technology is globally preferred because of its superior structural elements, reduced time of construction, and cost savings. Precast concrete structures have faced challenges in past earthquakes due to the failure of structural element connections. The connection’s performance mainly determines the overall structure’s behaviour under lateral loading. The study investigates the behaviour of PC beam-column dry mechanical connections and a reference monolithic connection under reverse cyclic loading. The precast connections are (i) Billet Tie Rod (BTR) and (ii) Billet Tie Rod with Horizontal Dowel (BTR-HD). The behaviour difference between the precast connection and the reference monolithic specimen (MO) was examined in terms of ultimate load-carrying-capacity, hysteresis, ductility, post-elastic strength enhancement factor, and energy dissipation. The PC BTR-HD specimen demonstrated outstanding performance in ultimate load, energy dissipation and ductility when compared to the MO connection.

Approximate computing has great promise for small and low-power integrated circuit architectures. In order to address the demands of today’ s portable electronics with small size and extended power sustainability, approximation computing is receiving increasing attention in recent research. In this research, the 4*4 and 8*8 accuracy configurable adders are designed using a double complemented mechanism. The suggested adder is integrated with perforated recursive multipliers for the accumulation of partial products. A run-time control variate is calculated and accumulated with the product using the polynomial principles, an error reduction method that costs moderate design metrics overhead with significant improvement in overall accuracy. According to the simulation findings, power and energy efficiency are dominated by the suggested first order plus second order polynomial design. Error metrics are reduced with increased fewer design metrics, according to a study of the suggested design adaptability of a first plus second order control variate-based perforated recursive multiplier. While retaining a high level of accuracy, the suggested design is 32% faster than the conventional exact Wallace tree multiplier. The suggested multipliers experimental demonstration in Convolutional Neural Network inference demonstrates accuracy of greater than 98% in Alexnet architecture and greater than 96% in Lenet-5, and a high accuracy of more than 40 dB in image smoothing applications.

Corrosion is an inevitable physicochemical phenomenon that, although it cannot be eliminated, can be significantly retarded through appropriate mitigation strategies. From an industrial standpoint, corrosion represents a substantial economic burden, contributing no direct value to production while imposing additional maintenance, operational, and replacement costs. Conventional corrosion prevention and protection methods are often expensive and frequently associated with environmental hazards, necessitating the exploration of more sustainable alternatives. The ideal corrosion mitigation approach should be cost-effective, operationally simple, technically feasible, and, most importantly, environmentally benign. In this context, green corrosion inhibitors have emerged as a promising class of materials, generally offering an effective, low-cost, and eco-friendly solution with minimal environmental footprint. Their rising industrial relevance has spurred extensive research activity focused on their development, optimization, and application. Green corrosion inhibitors encompass a broad spectrum of substances, both traditional and recently developed. Conventional green inhibitors include plant extracts, essential oils, biomolecules, expired pharmaceuticals, rare-earth metal complexes, ionic liquids, and amino acids along with their derivatives. In contrast, modern innovations in this domain have led to the development of advanced green inhibitors such as volatile corrosion inhibitors, nanocomposite-based systems, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and MXene. These novel materials generally exhibit enhanced corrosion inhibition efficiency and align with principles of green chemistry and sustainable engineering. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of various categories of green corrosion inhibitors, highlighting key examples and their mechanisms of action. Emphasis is placed on both well-established and emerging systems, underscoring their potential to revolutionize corrosion mitigation in an environmentally sustainable manner.