Anthera Pharmaceuticals

The growing need for decentralized and renewable power generation increases demand for flexible and highly efficient small-scale power units. Microgas turbines (mGTs) are strong candidates for combined heat and power applications in residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, typically delivering below 500 kWe. They can compensate for demand fluctuations in renewable-dominated grids, which can make them ideal for modern energy systems. However, their reliable operation under transient and part-load conditions needs to be assessed, calling for computationally efficient models that enable real-time performance prediction, control, and optimization. In this paper, the development and validation of a dynamic 0D real-time model of a 10 kWe mGT prototype is presented. The MATLAB/Simulink model integrates individual engine components—compressor, turbine, recuperator, combustor, and control system—through refined differential equations. This structure ensures both flexibility and fast computation while capturing key transient dynamics. The 10 kWe prototype, developed by MITIS SA, targets residential energy systems, biomethanization plants, and decentralized power for 5G networks. The system was experimentally validated, as key parameters were measured throughout the cycle under transient and part-load conditions. Key outputs such as shaft speed, turbine inlet temperature, and cycle pressures showed very good agreement with measurements, staying within sensor uncertainty ranges. This validated real-time software provides a modular foundation for future extensions, including humidification, two-stage cycle configurations, and advanced control strategies.

Background: Glioblastoma IDH wild type (GBM IDH wt) has a poor prognosis and a strongly associated with inflammatory processes. Inflammatory molecules generate positive feedback with tumor cells fueling tumor growth as well as recruitment of immune cells that promote aggressiveness. Although the role of many inflammatory molecules is well known, there are many macromolecules, such as the S100A proteins, whose role is only now beginning to be established. Methods: Using RNA-seq, bioinformatics tools and a cohort of glioma patients to validate the results, we have analysed the inflammatory processes involved in glioma. Transcriptional profiles were also used to define biological processes of relevance to specific S100A proteins. Finally, we characterized the relevant immune populations with an IHC analysis and transcriptional profiling . Results: We have noted an increased expression of S100A in GBM IDH wt compared to gliomas IDH mutants. This allowed us to analyse the involvement of different members of the family, such as S100A9, A11 and A13 as possible regulators of inflammatory processes in the GBM-IDH wt microenvironment. Thus, we observed that S100A9 is located in hypoxic areas linked to the function of neutrophils, S100A11 is found in vascular areas associated with the function of perivascular pericytes and macrophages, and finally, S100A13 which is related to the dysfunction of microglia. Conclusion: Our findings define different functions for S100A9, A11 and A13 proteins that are associated with the architecture of the glioblastoma microenvironment and define its progression. Moreover, these alterations can be reversed by the RAGE inhibitor, Azeliragon which is in a phase I/II clinical trial NCT05635734.

ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a significant health concern, particularly for vulnerable populations. Despite preventive strategies, there remains a need for effective antiviral treatments. EDP‐323 is a first‐in‐class, potent oral selective non‐nucleoside inhibitor of the large protein (L polymerase) of RSV under investigation for the treatment of RSV infection. This phase 1, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of EDP‐323. This study included fasted single ascending dose (SAD; EDP‐323 50/100/200/400/600/800 mg doses, 3:1 to placebo), fed multiple ascending dose (MAD; EDP‐323200/400/600/800 mg doses, 3:1 to placebo), and food effect (EDP‐323200 mg dose, 4:1 to placebo) cohorts in healthy adult participants. Key objectives were to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of EDP‐323 in plasma and urine, and to evaluate the effect of food intake on its pharmacokinetics. Among 82 randomized participants (SAD, n = 50; MAD, n = 32), EDP‐323 was well tolerated up to the highest tested dose (800 mg once daily for 7 days). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 14.6% of total participants, with the majority being mild and deemed unlikely related to the study drug. Headache was the most frequent AE (n = 3). PK analysis showed that EDP‐323 was rapidly absorbed (Tmax = 3.0–5.0 h), with exposures increasing with ascending dose. The half‐life of EDP‐323 (t1/2 = 10.8–16.6 h) supported once‐daily dosing, and no food effect was observed. EDP‐323 demonstrated a favorable safety and PK profile, supporting its potential as a once‐daily oral treatment for RSV.

Geographic atrophy (GA) is a form of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affecting approximately 1 million people in the USA and 5 million globally. In this review, retinal imaging techniques used for diagnosis and monitoring progression of GA in AMD, and the risk factors associated with the development and progression of GA are summarised. To familiarise clinicians with common phenotypes of patients with GA, the clinical and imaging features that may lead to rapid progression of GA in various phenotypes are highlighted. With the recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of new GA treatments that reduce lesion growth, understanding the risk of progression to GA and factors contributing to GA growth may aid in patient selection and guide patient-level management and treatment.