Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital (ANMMCH) is a government medical college in Gaya, Bihar. It was established in 1969 and is approved by Medical Council of India (MCI). It is named after Bihar Vibhuti Dr Anugrah Narayan Sinha.
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health challenge in India, with alarming prevalence rates and unique socio-demographic risk factors. Resistance to Rifampicin (RIF), is caused by mutations in the rpoB gene of the causative agent. It is usually situated in a region at the 507-533 amino acid residues (81 bp) within the rpoB gene, known as the Rifampicin Resistance Determining Region (RRDR). Aim: To assess the prevalence of Rifampicin Resistance (RR) and identify mutations in the RRDR of the rpoB gene. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at ESIC Medical College, Patna, in collaboration with the NABL-accredited laboratory associated with Tertiary care Hospitals, Patna, Bihar, India from July 2024 to January 2025. A total of 502 clinical samples from suspected cases of TB were analysed by GeneXpert MTB/RIF testing. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) extraction was done only for the MTB complex with RR followed by automated DNA sequencing. Data obtained from these 68 RR-MTB clinical samples were enrolled in this study. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software with the association of multivariate logistic regression with p-value <0.05. Results: In this study, 46.57% (68/146) of all MTB-positive patients were RR. The highest alteration was at the Ser/Leu substitution at codon 531 present in 45.6% (31/68) isolates, followed by His/Tyr substitution at codon 526 in 25% (17/68), mutation at codon 516 in 16.17% (11/68) isolates and mutations at codon 511 demonstrated in 13.23% (9/68) isolates. Conclusion: Mutations within the RRDR of the rpoB gene, particularly at codons 531 and 526, were identified as the predominant drivers of RR among pulmonary TB patients in Eastern India. The study highlights the importance of integrating rapid molecular diagnostics with socio-demographic risk assessment to enable early detection, guide individualised treatment, and strengthen regional TB control strategies.
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most prevalent ulcerating condition of the mouth mucosa. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the clinical profile and distribution of RAS subtypes and determine risk factors which are associated with disease severity as well as its effect on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Psychological stress (adjusted OR = 3.42, 95%CI = 1.24-9.43, p = 0.018) and haematinic deficiency (adjusted OR = 2.96, 95%CI = 1.02-8.59, p = 0.046) were independently associated with moderate and severe RAS and their OHIP-14 scores showed a significant increase with increasing severity (Mild: 9.1 ą 4.2, Moderate: 16.8 ą 5.6, Severe: 24.3 ą 6.1; ANOVA p < 0.001). Thus, RAS in this population was mainly minor, predominantly occurred in young females with psychological stress. Moreover, haematinic deficiency and it is the independent factors predicting severity and poor OHRQoL.
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) remain one of the most frequent postoperative complications, contributing to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and higher healthcare costs. The risk of infection differs significantly between clean and clean-contaminated surgeries, making it important to evaluate infection rates in these categories. Objective: To compare the incidence of wound infection between clean and clean-contaminated surgeries performed at a tertiary care center. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India, over a period of 12 months (January 2024 to December 2024). A total of 120 patients undergoing elective surgeries were included, with 60 patients in the clean group and 60 in the clean-contaminated group. Wound infection was diagnosed clinically based on CDC criteria, and infection rates were compared between the groups. Results: Wound infection was observed in 5 patients (8.3%) in the clean surgery group and in 14 patients (23.3%) in the clean-contaminated group. The difference in infection rates was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Factors such as duration of surgery, comorbidities, and perioperative antibiotic use were also analyzed for their association with SSI. Conclusion: Clean-contaminated surgeries demonstrated a significantly higher rate of wound infection compared to clean surgeries. Strict adherence to aseptic precautions, appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis, and careful intraoperative techniques are essential to minimize infection risk.
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the frequent problems of the mouth that affects 10 to 20 percent of the population. Therefore, it is of interest to find out if the level of zinc in the blood is related to the recurrence of RAS and if taking zinc can reduce the recurrence and severity of RAS. We enrolled 30 RAS patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and 30 healthy controls matched to the RAS patients by age and sex from the clinic over 12 months and RAS patients had significantly lower fasting serum zinc levels than the controls (76.4 ± 11.2 µg/dL vs. 87.3 ± 8.9 µg/dL; p < 0.001). Zinc deficiency was seen in 56.7 percent of RAS patients with serum zinc levels less than 70 µg/dL compared with 16.7 percent of the controls (p < 0.001). Thus, low serum levels of zinc are significant predictors of recurrence of RAS and zinc can be used as an additional preventive measure against RAS.
