Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal

Objective: To evaluate and compare the effects of 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 7% Maleic Acid (MA) on the push-out bond strength (POBS) and compressive strength (CS) of Biodentine and Bio-C Repair when used for furcal perforation repair. Material and Methods: Sixty extracted human mandibular molars were decoronated, and standardized furcal perforations were created. The teeth were mounted and randomly divided into two groups: Group I, Biodentine, and Group II, Bio-C Repair. Each group was irrigated with 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite and then subdivided into three: Group A-17% EDTA, Group B-7% MA, and Group C-Distilled Water. For CS evaluation, eighteen cylindrical samples of each material were prepared, immersed in NaOCl, and similarly subdivided into three groups based on the irrigant used. All samples were tested using a universal testing machine. Results: Biodentine showed no significant difference in POBS among the irrigants (p=0.065). Bio-C Repair showed significantly higher POBS with MA and distilled water than with EDTA (p<0.001). Biodentine's CS was significantly affected by the chelating agents (Control > EDTA > MA), whereas Bio-C Repair showed no significant difference; however, its CS remained lower than that of Biodentine. Conclusion: Chelating agents did not affect Biodentine's POBS, whereas MA improved Bio-C Repair's POBS over EDTA. Despite the reduction, Biodentine's CS remained higher than Bio-C Repair.

Objectives Patients on anticancer therapy attending palliative care services often have oral health problems, but not enough is known in this regard (in India). This cross-sectional study aimed to elucidate this issue. Methods Participants were 98 patients with metastatic cancer (52 males, 46 females) who attended the palliative care clinic and were assessed by a multidisciplinary team consisting of dental health professionals working alongside the palliative care team, between August 2021 and October 2022. Their demographic and medical details were collected from the charts. Details about oral health were assessed using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events for dysphagia and xerostomia, Dental Caries Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, and the WHO Mucositis scale. Quality of life was assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Module for Oral Health (EORTC QLQ-OH15). Results Patients had an average age of 58 years, with 46.9% having an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 1, and 61 (64.9%) receiving anticancer treatment along with palliative care. Dental issues were prevalent, with 39.5% classified as DMFT score grade 2. Subgroup analysis showed higher mean DMFT scores in head/neck cancers, particularly in those receiving radiation therapy (2.3) versus without (1.7), and older age (p<0.05). Conclusion Patients with cancer on anticancer treatment attending a palliative care clinic, especially those with head/neck cancers and older age, had poor oral health. Further prospective research with a dentist on the team is warranted to assess its impact.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the branch of engineering that enables the development of computer programs and devices that exhibit intelligent human-like behavior. AI emulate models of human brain neuronal interactions using a simple neural network composed of electrical circuits that help to peform actions when trained previous data or codes. Robotics, machine learning (ML), decision trees (DT), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and artificial neural networks (ANNs) are some common components of AI tools utilized in medicine and healthcare, including dentistry. AI-based tools are employed for diagnosis and treatment planning, performing surgical procedures, managing patient and research data, dental education, and forensic dentistry. AI and robotics are also being applied in dental education for students and patient education, interpreting dental radiographs for diagnosing dental caries, periodontal diseases, bone destruction patterns, orthodontic planning and appliance fabrication, prosthetics and implant placement . AI-based tools also help dentists and surgeons to plan minimally invasive surgical procedures such as periodontal debridement (scaling and root planing), periodontal surgery, implant placement, tooth extraction, planning for orthodontic corrections, and orthognathic procedures. micro and nano robots (including robotic arms) are additionally used for biofilm removal and for placing dental implants with precision and accuracy.This review aims to discuss the clinical applications of AI and robotics in dentistry.

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the proliferative and wound-healing potential of Periostin and Emdogain® on periodontal fibroblasts. Material and Methods: Human PDL (hPDL) fibroblasts were cultured and treated with two biological agents, Emdogain® and Periostin. The Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) served as the control. The cytotoxic effects of Emdogain® and Periostin were analyzed using the Clonogenic assay. Cell viability was estimated using the CCK-8 assay. Further, the migratory potential of the hPDL fibroblasts was assessed using the scratch migration assay. Results: The results showed that 1/1000 dilution of Emdogain® and 1/10 dilution of Periostin had the highest cell survival fraction (p<0.05). In the CCK-8 assay, Emdogain® displayed maximum cell viability compared to Periostin (p=0.000) and control (p=0.006). The PDL fibroblasts' migratory rate corresponded to the experimental agents' wound-healing potential. Emdogain® presented with earlier wound closure compared to Periostin (p=0.002) and control (p=0.000). Conclusion: Thus, based on the results of this study, Periostin may be a viable biologic agent for promoting periodontal regeneration.