Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, (Persian: دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان, Danushgah-e Shihid-e Midâni-ye Âzerbaijan) commonly called only Azarbaijan University, is a public university located near Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, founded in 1987. The university provides both undergraduate and graduate education to approximately 7,500 students at a wide range of fields including engineering, basic sciences, literature and theology. The university has got Research Gate's total impact point of 1716.47 from 61 publications, according to the latest statistics.
The increasing demand for antibacterial and biocompatible materials in biomedical applications prompts the development of titanium-copper (Ti-Cu) alloys as promising candidates. These alloys attract wide attention due to their potent antibacterial activity against various bacteria. This study thoroughly reviews the antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion performance of Ti-Cu alloys in different circumstances. The effects of copper content, processing routes, surface treatments, and other parameters on antibacterial efficacy, cytocompatibility, osseointegration, and corrosion resistance are analyzed. The investigation spans multiple length scales, examining factors from bulk alloy composition to microstructural features like intermetallic phases and their morphology, distribution, and surface characteristics including topography and wettability. Ultimately, the ongoing challenges associated with Ti-Cu biomedical alloys are critically evaluated, mapping out strategic research directions to fully harness their multifunctional capabilities.
The low inertia renders renewable-based networked microgrids (NµGs) more susceptible to incipient unintentional islanding that makes it very difficult for NµGs operators to maintain a reasonable margin for resilience during extreme condition contingencies. In this paper, the resilient operation of NµGs is studied through an emergency approach to frequency containment during extreme events conditions. The proposed approach is outlined in three stages: First, offline analysis is carried out to extract frequency response model of hybrid NµGs while being subjected to an extreme event. The extracted model is then used to tailor an optimization model which aims at minimization of remedial actions. The attained optimal remedial action plan avoids any over-curtailment. This relieves the need for restoration of distributed energy resources which is a substantially difficult task during extreme condition events. The second stage deals with the monitoring of pre-event conditions and adjusting the remedial actions based on the operation condition of NµGs. The third stage is responsible for real-time evaluation of remedial actions to cease the frequency alterations. Simulation results presented in the paper demonstrate the adaptive features and effectiveness of the proposed emergency approach in enhancing resilient operation of the NµGs.
In this study, a Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ reduced graphene oxide (rGO) magnetic nanocomposite was successfully synthesized and employed as an efficient and robust electrocatalyst for the oxidation and determination of dopamine (DA). The synthesized nanocomposite was comprehensively characterized using conventional physicochemical techniques to elucidate its morphology, chemical composition and crystal structure. The electrochemical oxidation and quantification of DA in biological samples were performed using the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified by the synthesized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/rGO nanocomposite; Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/rGO/GCE. The electrocatalytic activity of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/rGO/GCE toward DA oxidation was investigated using voltammetric techniques in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH = 7.0). The diffusion coefficient of DA and the catalytic rate constant (kcat) for its oxidation reaction were determined as 2.68 × 10−5 cm2 s−1 and 8.64 × 102 cm3 mol−1 s−1, respectively. The analytical capability of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/rGO/GCE as a sensor toward DA quantification was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry. The sensor exhibited a linear calibration range from 0.099 to 0.697 μM with a detection limit of 0.032 μM, limit quantification of 0.107 μM and also demonstrated superior analytical characteristics, including high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, repeatability and reproducibility. These results indicate that the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/rGO magnetic nanocomposite GCE modified electrode is a promising candidate for developing a sensitive electrochemical sensor for the analysis of DA in human blood plasma samples.
In this work, a dual-mode hybrid photonic–plasmonic platform was designed, fabricated, and systematically characterized. The structure consists of a TiO₂ two-dimensional monolayer inverse opal (2D MIO) decorated with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) via sputtering followed by thermal annealing. This fabrication strategy enabled spatially selective formation of quasi-spherical AuNPs predominantly within the bowl-shaped cavities, along with triangular-shaped AuNPs located at the interstitial junctions of the inverse opal lattice. Morphological characterization using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed the formation of a highly ordered hexagonal TiO₂ 2D MIO and the successful incorporation of AuNPs with distinct spatial distributions. Optical characterization by UV–Vis spectroscopy (extinction mode) revealed a combined photonic–plasmonic response arising from the periodic TiO₂ architecture and the embedded Au nanostructures. A broad spectral feature in the 530–550 nm range is attributed to Bragg diffraction of the TiO₂ 2D MIO coupled with collective and lattice-modified plasmonic excitations of cavity-confined AuNPs. In addition, a distinct band near 740 nm originates from anisotropic triangular-shaped AuNPs and their coupling effects within the high-refractive-index TiO₂ environment. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations reproduce the main spectral features and provide insight into the electromagnetic response of the system, revealing strong electric-field localization at cavity interfaces and nanoparticle junctions. The combined photonic–plasmonic interaction within this architecture demonstrates tunable optical behavior governed by geometry, periodicity, and dielectric environment, suggesting potential for future exploration in optical sensing and surface-enhanced spectroscopic applications.
