Bodoland University (BU), established in 2009, is a public state collegiate university located in Kokrajhar, Assam, India. It is the first university in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) along with the Lower Assam region (except the capital Guwahati)..
The ivory snail Babylonia areolata has experienced a significant population decline in marine ecosystems due to the overharvesting, habitat loss, and climate change. Despite its ecological significance and commercial value, population genetic studies on this gastropod remain limited in Vietnam. This study provides the first genetic insights into B. areolata from the coastal waters of Vietnam, based on 105 newly generated cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences. This species exhibited 11.2
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as highly promising multifunctional nanomaterials for next-generation optoelectronic applications, offering tunable fluorescence, high biocompatibility, and sustainable synthesis routes. In this review, we explore recent advances in CQD-based fluorescent biosensors, emphasizing their potential in real-time pollutant detection, bioimaging, and green energy solutions. We analyze the underlying photophysical mechanisms, including quantum confinement, surface functionalization, and heteroatom doping, that govern fluorescence modulation. Importantly, the review highlights eco-friendly synthesis techniques and the integration of CQDs in optoelectronic architectures such as photodetectors, photocatalytic systems, and hybrid sensors. By coupling photonic and electronic responses within a single material platform, CQDs offer a pathway toward energy-efficient, neuromorphic-inspired sensing and processing. We conclude by identifying future directions for enhancing the multifunctionality, spectral selectivity, and device-level integration of CQDs, positioning them as sustainable alternatives in two-dimensional (2D) optoelectronic systems. This review explores recent advances in carbon quantum dot-based fluorescent biosensors, emphasizing their potential in real-time pollutant detection, bioimaging, and green energy solutions.
Radula anceps Sande Lac., hitherto known only from Little Nicobar of Nicobar group of Islands, is here reported for the first time from mainland India based on collections made from Ultapani Forest Range of Kokrajhar District, Assam, India. This finding represents a significant extension of its distributional range within India. Detailed description, photoplate and a brief taxonomic note are provided based on the collected materials to facilitate easy identification.
ABSTRACT The use of dyes in various industries, mostly in the textile industry, has been a practice for centuries. Dyes are aromatic compounds with exceptional properties like solubility and color‐imparting. These properties let the synthetic dyes for large‐scale use in industries. However, long‐term exposure to dyes conveys a substantial threat to both human life and the environment. So, the researcher faces a significant challenge in identifying sustainable methods to remove dye from industry wastewater before it is exposed to the environment. Adsorption is an ancient sustainable wastewater treatment technique used for removal of toxic dyes from wastewater and nowadays, bio‐adsorption has become one of the major components of environmental as well as bioresource technology, due to higher competence of dye removal, recyclability of the adsorbents, and cost‐effectiveness. So, most of the researcher now aims at the extraction and application of bio‐adsorbents which are naturally obtained. In this review paper, different methodologies involving physical, chemical, and biological for dye removal, the concept of bio‐adsorption and its parameters are discussed. The critical analysis of the use of agro waste‐based bio‐adsorbents and modified bio‐adsorbents, focusing their potential in remediation of toxic organic dyes from wastewater along with the future scope of bio‐adsorption is summarized in detail.
The present study explores the potential of ecofriendly biosorbents derived from pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) residues in the remediation of crystal violet (CV) dye. To access detailed chemical structure and morphological information, the as-prepared adsorbents pigeon pea peel (PPP) and pigeon pea seed (PPS), obtained from the peel and seeds of the Cajanus cajan, were characterised by advanced instrumental techniques, viz., powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brauner-Emmet-Teller (BET), Field emission scanning emission microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Response surface methodology (RSM) with a face-centred central composite design (FCC) was successfully developed to model and optimize the adsorption process. The interactive influence of the adsorbent dosages (0.04-0.14 g), initial concentration (5-50 mg/L), and contact time (10-100 min) on the efficiency of CV removal % was comprehensively evaluated and optimized through the statistical modelling. The FCC-RSM methodology showed outstanding effectiveness in process optimization. The experimental results envisage that the adsorption process followed a polynomial quadratic model, as evident from the higher regression coefficient obtained for both adsorbents, PPP (R2 = 0.992) and PPS (R2 = 0.998), respectively. The optimal conditions under the studied range of adsorption parameters corresponding to maximum CV removal % for the PPP/ CV (Co = 35 mg/g, dosages = 0.092 g, time = 89.4 min, efficiency = 77.45 %) and PPS/CV system (Co = 42.64 mg/g, dosages = 0.133 g, time = 58.92 min, efficiency = 73.83 %) were obtained. The thermodynamic and kinetic studies suggested the spontaneous, endothermic and chemisorption nature of the process. In addition, the reusability experiments manifested stable performance at low initial dye concentration and can be effectively reused up to three consecutive cycles. Thus, the proposed adsorbents (PPP, PPS) emerged as sustainable and lowcost adsorbents, offering efficient and ecofriendly alternatives for dye treatment from aqueous media.
