This volume brings together Aneddoti viniziani militari ed amorosi (Of Venetian Military and Amorous Anecdotes) and Né amori, né donne ovvero La stalla ripulita (Neither Loves nor Women, or The Stables Cleansed), along with a few preparatory manuscripts and the texts that accompanied the lively debate surrounding them. These are two texts published almost simultaneously in 1782, which have often been classified as novels or short stories. They are, however, distinct works – namely translations, historical reworkings, and polemical writings – that constitute Casanova’s final literary output before his second and definitive exile from Venice.
Long-Distance Mobility as a Service (LD-MaaS) is a novel transport solution that integrates (inter)regional and local transport modes to facilitate systematic intermunicipal trips. Yet, its operational efficiency remains underexplored. In this contribution, we develop a mixed integer linear programming model to identify optimal LD-MaaS configurations that maximise the social utility and guarantee the financial viability from the provider's perspective, under different demand, policy and market contexts. When applied to Labour Market Areas along Italy's Venice-Trieste railway line, the model demonstrates that selecting suitable origin-destination pairs and coordinating train, bus, and Demand Responsive Transport services are critical for the technical and financial sustainability of the service. Results indicate that subsidies influence service coverage, while coordinated planning can improve efficiency even under limited funding. The highest LDMaaS commuter numbers do not align with total commuter volumes, highlighting distinct local and long-distance travel dynamics. These findings offer insights to policymakers on the design of integrated multimodal systems that address both local and supralocal systematic mobility needs.
Millets are receiving renewed attention due to their short growing cycles, resilience and role as fodder and summer cereals. As C4 plants adapted to arid and tropical environments, millets were domesticated in East Asia and Africa, with species such as broomcorn millet spreading into Europe during the Bronze Age. In European archaeology, millets are key indicators of crop diversification among human communities, including in northern Italy. Archaeological evidence of their use derives from charred grains, phytoliths and stable isotope and molecular biomarkers analyses. Among molecular biomarkers, miliacin (olean-18-en-3β-ol methyl ether) has been widely recognised as a biomarker for Panicum miliaceum (L.)/broomcorn millet detected in pottery, sediments and charred residues. Carbon enrichment typical of C4 plants in Middle Late Bronze Age human remains has often been linked to millet consumption, although wild panicoid grasses may also have contributed to these isotopic signals. Among wild panicoid grasses, generally more difficult to trace archaeologically, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv./barnyard grass represents an exception since its charred grains have often been found. This study investigates crusgallin (taraxer-14-en-3β-ol methyl ether) as a potential biomarker for barnyard grass. Different anatomical parts of modern plants were chemically analysed to determine crusgallin distribution, and the data were used as reference for the study of sediments from the Middle Bronze Age site of Oppeano 4D, where byre-houses containing herbivore dung and plant bedding were identified. Archaeobotanical deposits yielded abundant barnyard grass seeds together with miliacin and crusgallin, suggesting that these biomarkers may derive from both plant remains and herbivore dung, additionally indicating millets as possible components of animal fodder.
We present a kernel-based methodology for constructing Lyapunov functions for nonlinear dynamical systems using approximate Koopman eigenfunctions. Our approach decomposes principal Koopman eigenfunctions into linear and nonlinear components, where the linear part is obtained from the system's linearization and the nonlinear part is computed by solving a partial differential equation using symmetric kernel collocation in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS). The resulting Lyapunov function is constructed as a quadratic form in the approximate eigenfunctions. We establish error bounds relating the approximation quality to the fill distance of collocation points and provide a certification procedure using continuous piecewise affine (CPA) methods. Numerical experiments on benchmark systems, including a polynomial system and the Duffing oscillator, demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole (BTD) derivatives have emerged as versatile photofunctional platforms due to their strong electron-accepting character, synthetic accessibility, and tunable optical properties. Despite extensive studies on BTD-based fluorophores, the fluorosolvatochromic behavior of BTDs bearing N,N-dimethylamino substituents remains insufficiently explored. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of N,N-dimethyl-4amino-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTDNMe2) in twenty-seven solvents using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. BTDNMe2 exhibits weak solvatochromism in absorption but pronounced fluorosolvatochromism in emission, with a clear bathochromic shift of the fluorescence maxima as solvent polarity increases. The molar transition energy correlates positively with Reichardt's normalized polarity scale (ENT ), confirming the positive solvatochromic character of the probe. Multiparametric LSER analysis identified hydrogen-bond donor acidity and dipolarity as the dominant factors influencing solute-solvent interactions in the excited state, with the modified Kamlet-Abboud-Taft model providing the best statistical fit (R2 = 0.96). Dipole moment calculations using the Lippert-Mataga, Bakhshiev, and Kawski-Chamma-Viallet approaches revealed significantly higher values in the excited state compared to the ground state, consistent with intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Theoretical calculations corroborated these findings, highlighting the rigidity of the molecular framework and the stabilization of the excited state by solvent polarity. Taken together, these results enhance the understanding of the fluorosolvatochromic properties of BTD derivatives and highlight the potential of BTDNMe2 as a straightforward, solvent-polarity-sensitive fluorescent probe.
