California Miramar University (CMU) is a private for-profit university in San Diego, California. The university offers degree programs through distance education and a combination of on-line and classroom (hybrid) delivery. It is accredited by the Distance Education Accrediting Commission.
Acetabular cup contact stress and failure analysis play a crucial role in estimating the durability of implants. Many studies have focused on the modification of acetabular cup design parameters to improve their longevity. The present study focuses on one such design consideration by varying the acetabular cup elevation height using a global model finite element conceptualization. Acetabular cup elevation height variation of 1, 2, and 3 mm with microseparations of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mm are considered to analyze contact and von Mises stress for the CoCr alloy at a 45 deg cup inclination angle. The peak gait loads of grouped gait activities, namely, A, B, C, and D, consisting of 19 gait loads, are used to estimate the aforesaid stresses. Group C and D gait load activities are very rarely performed by humans in day-to-day activities, while group A and B gait load activities are performed quite often by humans, except for a few gait activities like lifting and carrying loads. Results revealed that a cup elevation height of 3 mm was found to effectively reduce contact stress for microseparation of 2.5 and 3 mm. The 1 mm elevation height showed higher contact stress values for almost all microseparations. From von Mises plots, it is evident that the elevated acetabular cup prevents implant failure even for high microseparation values for gait loads grouped under the A and B categories. For physically demanding gait loads listed in group C and D categories, for all microseparation values, von Mises stress values of the elevated cup showed values higher than the yield stress of the CoCr alloy.
1Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, Florida 2Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona 3Center for Humanities in Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona aEmail for corresponding author: [email protected] Disclosure: The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article (https://links.lww.com/JBJS/I473).
The significant importance of the Agricultural sub-sector is depicted through its contribution to the economic and social developments of Kenya. The study originates from the Doctoral dissertation of the first author in which the co-authors served as supervisors. A census approach was adopted where secondary data from audited annual financial reports of all the six Agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities exchange, Kenya was used, covering the period 2015 to 2022. Descriptive analysis and panel regression analysis were applied. The findings from the panel regression analysis indicated that current ratio has significant effect on financial performance of the Agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The study recommends that agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange need to increase their current assets holdings for purposes of increasing their liquidity levels. This is due to current ratio positive effect on the financial performance of agricultural firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. However, just as very low current ratio is discouraged for firms, it should notably not to be too high as this will serve as an indication that managers are not efficiently utilizing assets. Managers need to properly assess the short term obligations of their firms so as to ensure a corresponding current ratio is attained. Further researches can be undertaken on current ratio and financial performance relationships in the context of firms in other sectors that are listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya.
The study examined the effect of capital adequacy on financial performance of microfinance banks in Kenya. Capital buffer theory and stakeholder theory was utilized. Causal research design was adopted and fourteen microfinance banks were targeted. Thirteen microfinance banks were selected based on purposive sampling technique which was informed by the time scope of the study which is 2013 to 2019. Secondary panel data was used and consequently, panel regression analysis was applied. The study concluded that core capital to total assets ratio is a significant predictor of financial performance of microfinance banks in Kenya. It was also concluded that core capital to total deposits ratio is important in determining the financial performance of microfinance banks in Kenya. The study recommends that microfinance banks should strive towards holding capital buffer with regards to core capital in relation to total assets upon reaching the minimum requirements. This should however be done in a prudent manner where financial intermediation role is not distorted. A joint core capital and total deposits objective should be put in place by the management of microfinance banks. The study recommends that the capital adequacy guidelines by the Central Bank of Kenya should be in view of underlying banking conditions. Capital regulatory and supervisory initiative by the apex bank should balance between protecting depositors and ensuring stable financial performance. Keywords: Capital Adequacy, Core Capital to Total Assets Ratio, Core Capital to Total Deposits Ratio, Financial Performance and Microfinance Banks DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/15-4-05 Publication date: April 30 th 2024
