Comparative studies of the influence of the main operating factors of the spark plasma sintering method on the particle consolidation mechanism, compaction kinetics, and structure of ceramics in the In–Ga–Zn–O oxide system were carried out. Sintering modes were optimized in order to achieve the maximum apparent density of ceramics while maintaining the initial ratio of components by metals. It was found that spark plasma sintering of powder oxide systems occurs with the participation of suboxide phases formed as a result of thermal decomposition and carbothermic reduction of oxides. It was shown that during sintering of zinc oxide-based ceramics under optimized conditions, a nonstoichiometric liquid phase ZnO1 – x is formed on the surface of grains, contributing to the achievement of the full density of the ceramics. At the same time, the hemioxide In2O formed during sintering of In2O3-based ceramics sublimates under the conditions of the experiment without forming a liquid phase and, as a result, its contribution to the particle consolidation processes is significantly lower.
In the modern paradigm of regional development, there is a transition from purely economic models to integrated approaches, where socio-cultural factors are the key drivers of sustainable growth. This issue is particularly important in multiethnic regions with a rich historical and cultural heritage, such as the Republic of Dagestan. The search for growth points based on internal potential makes the study of the role of culture in the spatial development of the republic an urgent scientific and practical task. The methods of system analysis, comparative generalization and case study were used (using the example of specific facilities and events in Dagestan).The relationship between cultural investments, human capital, territorial organization and economic growth is analyzed. Using the example of specific programs and transformations in the republic, it is proved that culture is not a passive consequence, but an active booster of regional development, capable of structuring space, forming new centers of social activity and stimulating the economy through tourism and creative industries. The materials and conclusions of the article can be used by government authorities in the development and adjustment of strategies for the spatial and socio-economic development of Dagestan and other multiethnic regions of Russia.
В период становления экономики, основанной на знаниях и инновациях, университеты активно развивают инфраструктуру поддержки студенческого предпринимательства, ключевыми элементами которой являются стартап-студии и акселерационные программы. Однако их распространение опережает разработку адекватных педагогических и оценочных инструментов, что актуализирует проблему измерения их общей эффективности не только в краткосрочных бизнес-метриках, но, что более важно, в аспекте развития предпринимательского мышления и компетентности участников. Данная статья посвящена исследованию педагогических оснований и методов оценки результативности университетских стартап-студий и акселераторов. Методологическая база исследования построена на синтезе теорий предпринимательского образования, педагогики экспериментального обучения (эмпирического обучения) и анализа существующей практики акселерации. В результате проведенного анализа приводятся многоуровневая система оценки, наблюдение временного фактора (отсроченные результаты), субъективное восприятие участников и объективные бизнес-показатели. In the context of the emergence of a knowledge- and innovation-based economy, universities are actively developing infrastructure to support student entrepreneurship, key elements of which include startup studios and accelerator programs. However, their proliferation has outpaced the development of adequate pedagogical and assessment tools, raising the challenge of measuring their true effectiveness not only in short-term business metrics but, more importantly, in terms of developing participants’ entrepreneurial thinking and competencies. This article examines the pedagogical foundations and methods for assessing the effectiveness of university startup studios and accelerators. The study’s methodological framework is based on a synthesis of entrepreneurship education theories, experiential learning pedagogy, and an analysis of existing acceleration practices. The analysis proposes a multi-level assessment system that takes into account the time factor (delayed results), the subjective perceptions of participants, and objective business indicators.
This paper examines the problem of intelligently assessing supplier reliability in a digital enterprise environment characterized by multi-channel data, highly dynamic contractual relationships, and uncertainty of external factors. An approach to developing an integrated reliability indicator based on multicriteria analysis, probabilistic forecasting, and adaptive processing of supplier digital traces is proposed. The initial indicators used include on-time delivery, consistent quality, financial stability, contractual discipline, information transparency, and risk events. The developed model enables supplier ranking, identification of latent risk areas, and support for management decisions when selecting counterparties.
статья посвящена рассмотрению стратегий преодоления фонетической интерференции, возникающей в процессе формирования иноязычных произносительных навыков у студентов высшей школы. В центре внимания находится сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ методик преподавания артикуляции звуков русского и английского языков, принадлежащих к разным типологическим группам. Авторы исходят из положения, что интерференция, представляющая собой перенос навыков родного языка на изучаемый, является основной причиной устойчивых акцентных ошибок, затрагивающих как сегментный уровень (гласные и согласные фонемы), так и просодическое оформление речи. Особое внимание уделяется не просто констатации данных различий, а анализу дидактических приемов, позволяющих минимизировать их негативное влияние. Исследуется эффективность артикуляторного подхода, базирующегося на сознательном усвоении положения органов речи, в сравнении с имитативными методами, опирающимися на слуховое копирование. Особая роль в преодолении интерференции отводится развитию фонематического слуха и металингвистического сознания обучающихся, позволяющих им самостоятельно контролировать чистоту своего произношения. this article examines strategies for overcoming phonetic interference that arise during the development of foreign language pronunciation skills in university students. It focuses on a comparative analysis of methods for teaching articulation of sounds in Russian and English, which belong to different typological groups. The authors proceed from the premise that interference, which represents the transfer of native language skills to the target language, is the main cause of persistent accentual errors affecting both the segmental level (vowels and consonants) and the prosodic structure of speech. Particular attention is paid not simply to the recognition of these differences, but to the analysis of didactic techniques that minimize their negative impact. The effectiveness of an articulatory approach based on the conscious acquisition of the position of the speech organs is examined in comparison with imitative methods relying on auditory copying. A special role in overcoming interference is given to the development of phonemic hearing and metalinguistic consciousness of students, allowing them to independently control the purity of their pronunciation.
