DIGITALEUROPE is the European organisation that represents the digital technology industry whose members include 61 major technology companies and 37 national trade associations. It seeks to ensure industry participation in the development and implementation of EU policies" and has several working groups that focus on different aspects of policy—environment, trade, technical and regulatory and the digital economy. Based in Brussels, Belgium, DIGITALEUROPE represents over 10,000 companies with a combined annual revenue of over €3 trillion.
AI4People's second year of activities has focused on applying - concretely, in real world scenarios and through appropriate governance - those ethical principles of AI announced by AI4People in 2018. The 2019 White Paper gives shape to - whilst establishing priorities and critical issues - 14 Priority Actions, a Model of S.M.A.R.T. Governance and a Regulatory Toolbox, to which governments and businesses alike can refer to - immediately and efficiently. To conceive the aforementioned, we examine current initiatives and debates on the governance of AI, and consequently provide: - A definition of the notion of governance and the principles that are at stake in this context - 14 Priority Actions that can be undertaken immediately, existing within three new groups of priority: (i) forms of engagement; (ii) no-regrets actions; and (iii) coordination mechanisms for the governance of AI - A S.M.A.R.T. Model of Governance, for both governments and businesses, adequate for tackling the normative challenges of AI, while being Scalable, Modular, Adaptable, Reflexive, and Technologically-savvy. We call for specific forms of governance that are neither bottom-up, nor top-down, but that are inbetween, and argue that neither co-regulatory models of AI governance - nor forms of self-regulation, nor its variants, such as 'monitored self-regulation' - are adequate - A Regulatory Toolbox, illustrating how the model of S.M.A.R.T. governance works.
The first two years of life are crucial for the acquisition and development of speech. To accurately follow the growth of the vocal tract and the articulators and to infer their motor control during this period, it is essential to have anatomic and physiologic data throughout ontogenesis from gestation to adulthood. The morphogenesis of the vocal tract, which involves the bony structures, their development, and cranio-facial growth during ontogenesis, is far from linear. The anatomy of the bones, muscles, and cartilages which embody the walls and geometry of the vocal tract is well known for adults, adolescents, and even for children. It is not as well known for the fetus or the baby from birth to two years of age. Our paper concerns the morphogenesis of the mandible, the geometry and the position of the vocal tract relative to skull base and cervical vertebrae, and the differences in growth rate before and after the appearance of breathing, sucking, swallowing, mastication. To predict the consequences of vocal tract growth on speech production we use an articulatory model which can be fitted on midsagittal anatomic images.
Europa se enfrentara en los proximos anos al menos a tres grandes desafios: su ampliacion, avanzar en los objetivos planteados en el Consejo de Lisboa de marzo de 2000 y hacer frente al desarrollo demografico, manteniendo nuestro modelo social. La determinacion y el esfuerzo han sido imprescindibles a lo largo de casi 50 anos para avanzar paso a paso en la construccion europea. Ahora estamos viviendo otro momento clave.La integracion de 10 nuevos paises en nuestro sistema es un hecho historico irreversible que esta marcando de forma ineludible las politicas europeas actuales. A lo largo de los ultimos anos la actividad legislativa en el ambito comunitario ha sido muy importante. Los Tratados de Maastrich, Amsterdam y Niza han incorporado, sucesivamente, cambios fundamentales en las instituciones y en el funcionamiento y competencias de la Union Europea. Nuestra mision actual de conseguir una Constitucion Europea y adecuar las estructuras a una Europa de 25 Estados es esencial para el futuro. El Consejo Europeo de marzo de 2000, celebrado en Lisboa, determino tambien nuestra actividad a medio y largo plazo al establecer la meta estrategica de construir la economia basada en el conocimiento mas competitiva y dinamica del mundo,capaz de crecer de forma sostenible con mas y mejores empleos y mayor cohesion social. Para lograrla debe asegurarse la coherencia de todas las politicas de la Union Europea,que tienen que hacer frente ademas a los importantes cambios demograficos que se estan produciendo, derivados principalmente del envejecimiento de la poblacion y de la inmigracion, y que hacen necesaria la adecuacion de nuestro sistema para asegurar el actual modelo social.
In this paper we model shape objects variability and spatial relationships between characteristics of this object. What is an object? We consider that an object is a set of shapes and points. We establish here a formalism unifying shapes and points by approximating shape contours by composite B'ezier curves. These are equivalent to their control points. We then propose a non linear invariant statistical model and we learn the average object, it's variability and relationships. We finally evaluate our methodology in cephalometry, by modeling anatomical structures and points.
Dans cet article nous nous interessons au probleme de modelisation de la variabilite de formes et de points dans le cadre de la reconnaissance de formes statistique. Nous proposons un modele statistique non lineaire appris sur un ensemble ordonne de points. Le formalisme de l'Analyse en Composantes Principales compose avec notre modele nous permettent de resoudre le probleme d'identification de donnees partiellement occultees. Cette etude s'applique au probleme de reperage de points cephalometriques sur des radiographies de crâne de jeunes enfants.
