The Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia — also known as the Philadelphia Fed or the Philly Fed — headquartered at 10 Independence Mall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is responsible for the Third District of the Federal Reserve, which covers eastern and central Pennsylvania, the nine southern counties of New Jersey, and Delaware. Its geographical territory is by far the smallest in the system, and its population base is the second-smallest (next to the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis). The current President of the Philadelphia Fed is Patrick T. Harker.The Philadelphia Fed conducts research on both the national and regional economy. Its regional manufacturing index is the second of the regional manufacturing reports released every month (the New York Fed's Empire State Index is now released earlier), but it is still very important to the financial community as a proxy for nationwide manufacturing conditions.The Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia publishes a quarterly survey of professional economic forecasters, the Survey of Professional Forecasters, also called "The Anxious Index". It is a highly predictive report on the prospects for the Economy of the United States. It also publishes a quarterly publication entitled Business Review. The Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia also publishes the Livingston Survey and the Greenbook data sets.
This paper provides new evidence on the causal impacts of citywide racial segregation on intergenerational mobility. We use an instrumental variable approach that relies on plausibly exogenous variation in segregation due to the arrangement of railroad tracks in the nineteenth century. Our analysis finds that higher segregation reduces upward mobility for Black children from households across the income distribution and White children from low-income households. Moreover, segregation lowers academic achievement while increasing incarceration and teenage birth rates. An analysis of mechanisms shows that segregation reduces government spending, weakens support for antipoverty policies, and increases racially conservative attitudes among White residents. (JEL I38, J13, J15, J62, N32, N72, R30)
ABSTRACT Customers in over‐the‐counter (OTC) markets must find a counterparty to trade. Little is known about this process, however, because existing data consist of transaction records, which only reveal the outcome of a search. Using data from a trading platform for corporate bonds, we unpack the search process. We analyze how long it takes customers to trade and how dealers' offers evolve across repeated inquiries. We estimate that it takes two to three days to complete a transaction after an unsuccessful attempt, with substantial variation across trade and customer characteristics. Our analysis offers insights into the sources of trading delays in OTC markets.
This paper studies the significance of migration in evaluating the welfare impacts of remote work. By analyzing individual location history data, we first document an increase in net migration toward suburbs and smaller cities in the US since 2020. We demonstrate that the migration wave has been disproportionately fueled by high-income individuals, who were more likely to move due to remote work. Consequently, regions with substantial in-migration observed the greatest rise in housing expenses. This also led to changes in local demand for services and associated employment. Employing a stylized welfare accounting framework, we show that migration mitigated the increase in housing cost burdens for both high- and low-income groups, with the advantages being greater for low-income individuals. Conversely, dispersed job growth, as a result of migration away from major urban centers, curtailed the increase in job accessibility, especially for high-income groups. Factoring in the spatial impacts of migration on housing costs and job accessibility, the welfare inequality surge related to remote work is considerably tempered.
How does global banking impact financial stability and the real economy, particularly in emerging market economies? This paper revisits this question through the lens of new data and recent empirical findings in the banking literature. Considering this evidence, we illustrate how global banks are more prone to engaging in quantity and price credit rationing during crises, particularly when dealing with opaque borrowers abroad. However, in a context where shocks emerge in the real sector — for instance, through trade shocks — global banks can play a key role in making trade flows more resilient. We primarily use Latin America as our region of study as it is a region where globalization and deglobalization have had substantial impacts. Our findings support the notion that prudential financial stability frameworks can help to grasp the benefits of banking globalization while mitigating its downside risks.
In this report, we compare three types of employment projections—national, state produced, and trend based—to see how accurately they estimate realized employment growth for 647 occupations across 36 states from 2014 to 2024.
