Una red de apoyo sociofamiliar resulta a menudo crucial para la integración social, siendo las personas extranjeras particularmente vulnerables cuando empiezan de nuevo en otro país. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la situación de la población extranjera en España en el ámbito de las relaciones sociofamiliares, quedando definido este aspecto como una dimensión clave de la exclusión social. A partir de un análisis de fuentes secundarias se ha observado que la situación de este grupo se traduce en peores niveles de integración que la autóctona, siendo las mujeres y las personas en edad más avanzada, las que concentran las peores situaciones.
OBJECTIVE:The study of the evolution of certain biomarkers in patients with persistent detection of SARS-CoV-2 could determine the profile of the pathology that these patients may suffer. The objective of this study was to describe the evolution of different laboratory markers in patients with persistent detection of SARS-CoV-2, and determining these parameters were into reference values.METHODS:Patients were divided into two groups: the control group (G0) included patients with a positive direct test for SARS-CoV-2 followed by 2 negative, while the problem group (G1) included patients with at least 3 consecutive positive tests. The time between consecutive samples was five to twenty days, and only patients with negative serology were included. Demographic data, comorbidities, symptoms, radiology and hospitalization were collected, as well as data from analytic and blood gases. The comparison between the study groups was realized using the t-student and U Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables, and the χ2 test for qualitative variables. Results with p<0.05 were taken as significant.RESULTS:Ninety patients were included, thirty-eight in G0 and fifty-two in G1. D-dimer decreased 10.20 times more in G0 patients, and normal levels of this parameter at t1 were 1.46 times more frequent in these patients. The percentage of lymphocytes increased sixteen times more in G0, and the normal values in t1 were 10.40 times more common in these patients. C-reactive protein decreased significantly in both groups, and lactate increased more in G1 patients.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the study suggest that some biomarkers evolve differently in patients with persistent detection of SARS-CoV-2, which may have significant clinical impact. This information could help to determine the main organs or systems affected, allowing to anticipate socio-sanitary measures to prevent or compensate these alterations.
AbstractPreparation of the air mixture used in chamber experiments requires typically the injection of trace gases into a bath gas. In this chapter, recommendations and standard protocols are given to achieve quantitative injections of gaseous, liquid or solid species. Various methods to produce ozone, nitrate radicals and hydroxyl radicals are discussed. Short-lived oxidants need to be produced during the experiment inside the chamber from pre-cursor species. Because highly reactive oxidants like hydroxyl radicals are challenging to detect an alternative method for the quantification of radical concentrations using trace molecules is described.
