Himalayan University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India, is a non-profit university recognized by University Grant Commission, Government of India under section of 2f of UGC act 1956. The university was established to develop and uplift the economy through higher education to raise the literacy rate that make up especially North Eastern part of India as well as all other parts of India. The University is accredited and recognized by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), Pharmacy Council of India (P.C.I), Bar Council of India (B.C.I), Rehabilitation Council of India (R.C.I) and is also a member of AIU, AIMA, CII.
The brain is one of the most delicate protected organs of the human body. The circulation of blood to the brain is secured by the blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), and cerebrospinal fluid-brain barrier (CBB). These barriers also restrict the distribution of therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS) for the treatment of any psychotic disorder. Oral parenteral routes are the main routes for the delivery of anti-psychotics to the brain. Still, associated drawbacks include the stomach's acidic pH, first-pass metabolism, enzymatic degradation, plasma protein binding and finally, the barriers of brain. One of the novel routes for directly targeting the drug to the brain is the intranasal route, which bypasses the BBB. The drug is delivered to the brain via the olfactory trigeminal nerve regions located in the septum ceiling of the nasal cavity, reaching the brain more quickly and at higher concentrations than viat the systemic circulation or other tissues. In most cases, nasal doses are 2–10 times less than the oral dose. Nanoemulsions (NE) are bi-phasic dosage forms of two immiscible liquids stabilized by surfactants having a mean droplet size of 100-300 nm. NE is attracting increasing interest in nose-to-brain delivery (N2B) due to its ability to address issues related to drug solubility drug stability. The smaller droplet size of NE provides a larger surface area, thereby increasing the dissolution rate according to the Noyes-Whitney equation.
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) is an important legume crop worldwide. However, its productivity is severely constrained by insect pests, particularly Helicoverpa armigera, which damages flowers and pods, leading to significant yield losses. To develop eco-friendly pest management strategies, six bacterial strains (A–F) were isolated from naturally dead larvae, and their protein extracts were evaluated for effects on larval growth and mortality. Protein from strain B caused the highest mortality (68.75
In a business environment shaped by digital acceleration, sustainability pressures, and volatile market conditions, innovation in management has become a multidimensional organizational capability rather than a narrow product-development activity. This paper presents a systematic review of contemporary literature on three interconnected themes in modern business management: digital transformation driven by artificial intelligence, sustainability-oriented innovation, and agile methodologies. Unlike an empirical field study, the paper relies exclusively on secondary sources, including peer-reviewed journal articles and high-quality industry reports. The review identifies a central gap in the literature: although these themes are widely discussed, they are often examined in isolation, leaving a limited understanding of how they jointly influence organizational resilience, adaptability, and long-term value creation. To address this gap, the study synthesizes existing scholarship through a thematic and integrative lens and proposes a conceptual framework grounded in dynamic capabilities and the technology–organization–environment perspective. The analysis shows that AI strengthens analytical and operational capabilities, that sustainability increasingly functions as a strategic rather than symbolic imperative, and that agile methods improve responsiveness when supported by an appropriate culture and governance. The review also argues that the practical benefits of these innovation trends depend on organizational readiness, leadership alignment, and the ability to balance experimentation with strategic coherence. The paper contributes by offering a more structured understanding of contemporary innovation trends and outlining future directions, including generative AI, metaverse-enabled business models, and quantum-informed strategic decision-making environments.
In recent pasts, HFE-7100 finds its industrial applications like cleaning electronic equipment, secondary refrigerant and carrier fluids for lubricant. Detailed theoretical investigations have been carried out on the mechanism, kinetics and thermochemistry of the gas-phase reactions between CF3CF2CF2CF2OCH3 (HFE-7100) and HO2 and NH2 radicals using DFT-based M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Two important H abstraction channels have been identified and one transition state has been located for each reaction channel. The pre-reactive and post-reactive complexes are validated at entrance and exit channels, respectively. The potential energy surface of the HFE-7100 with HO2 and NH2 radicals has been investigated using DFT method. The rate constants of the two reactions are computed over the temperature range of 250–450 K for the first time. Our results suggest that hydrogen abstraction by NH2 radical is likely the dominant route for the atmospheric oxidation of HFE-7100 under reaction conditions. Keywords: Segregated HFE; M06-2X; DFT; Rate constant; Amino radical
