Hodeidah University

This study presents a fractional-order neural network model formulated using the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo Fractional Derivative (ABC-FD) defined with respect to a generalized kernel function & vartheta;(t). The primary objective is to establish rigorous results on the existence, uniqueness, and stability of solutions under minimal regularity assumptions. By employing Banach's and Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorems, we prove existence and uniqueness. The stability analysis compares three regimes: Mittag-Leffler, asymptotic, and finite-time, showing that they form a hierarchy of convergence strength: asymptotic stability ensures gradual decay, Mittag-Leffler stability provides algebraic convergence, and finite-time stability guarantees exact quenching within a bounded interval. Numerical simulations of two-and three-neuron systems confirm these theoretical distinctions, illustrating the role of both the fractional order and & vartheta; (t) in shaping the rate and type of convergence.

Innovation enables nurses to improve care delivery, yet their role is rarely recognized. The work activities in innovative work behavior (IWB) are characterized by their dynamic nature, involving complex tasks that are not standardized or routine in nature. This study examined the relationships between creative self-efficacy (CSE), trust in supervisors, uncertainty avoidance, psychological capital, and innovative work behavior among Egyptian nurses. A cross-sectional correlational design was employed. A convenience sample of 310 nurses (mean age = 31.52 ± 8.21 years), of both genders and aged above 18 years, was recruited at Assiut University Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire including demographic and work-related data, the Creative Self-Efficacy Scale, Trust in Supervisor Scale, Uncertainty Avoidance Scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Innovative Work Behavior Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analysis. Using convenience sampling, participants were categorized into low, moderate, and high IWB groups. The findings demonstrated that higher levels of innovative work behavior were associated with higher levels of creative self-efficacy, uncertainty avoidance, and psychological capital. Significant positive correlations were observed between IWB and all studied psychological variables. Multiple regression analysis revealed that creative self-efficacy, uncertainty avoidance, and psychological capital were significant predictors of innovative work behavior, whereas trust in supervisors did not retain statistical significance. The results highlight the multifaceted psychological determinants of innovative work behavior in nursing practice the findings suggest that strengthening nurses’ creative self-efficacy, psychological capital, and adaptive responses to uncertainty may enhance innovative work behavior.

Emotional intelligence (EI) is essential for nursing professionals, supporting holistic care and resilience to stress. The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Short Form (TEIQue-SF) is widely used internationally, but its psychometric properties have not been validated among Arab nursing students, where cultural norms may influence emotional perception and regulation. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the internal consistency, construct validity, and factor structure of the Arabic TEIQue-SF in undergraduate nursing students, and (2) explore associations between EI, academic performance, and selected demographic and socioeconomic variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 769 nursing students from Assiut University, Egypt. The TEIQue-SF was translated into Arabic using a forward–backward translation process, followed by expert review and pilot testing. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to validate the factor structure of the Arabic version based on the original, well-established model. Criterion-related validity was also examined. Non-parametric analyses were used to explore associations with academic and socioeconomic indicators. The Arabic TEIQue-SF showed excellent reliability (α = 0.955 overall; subscales α = 0.821–0.884). CFA confirmed the original four-factor model: Well-being, Self-control, Emotionality, and Sociability. Sociability and Well-being had the strongest factor loadings, aligning with cultural emphasis on interpersonal and emotional resilience. Well-being and Emotionality were significantly associated with academic performance (p = 0.022, p = 0.033). Students with financial hardship reported unexpectedly higher Emotionality and Self-control. The Arabic TEIQue-SF demonstrates strong internal consistency and a four-factor structure in a large sample of Egyptian nursing students; additional evidence (measurement invariance, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity) is needed to confirm its broader psychometric robustness across the Arab region. Findings support its use in education and research to foster emotionally intelligent, culturally competent nursing professionals. Not applicable.

In this work, we propose a dynamic cobweb-type market equilibrium model where supply responds to price using a Mittag–Leffler kernel generalized weighted Caputo fractional derivative. By permitting independent fractional orders, a time-varying weight function that reweights historical data, and a monotone economic-time transformation that captures heterogeneous adjustment speeds, the formulation expands upon previous fractional cobweb models. We begin by highlighting several special cases encompassed by our proposed model. Next, we establish well-posedness, covering existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence on initial data and parameters via an equivalent Volterra integral formulation, alongside a positivity theorem that ensures prices remain economically meaningful. Then, we derive stability conditions for the perturbation dynamics and characterize the constant equilibrium price. To perform the simulation, we constructed an explicit Volterra partition scheme specifically designed for the generalized kernel and established its convergence. In addition, we validated this approach using numerical examples illustrating how fractional orders, weights, and time transformations cause transient oscillations and convergence toward equilibrium.

Fungal infections constitute a major global health concern, with annual mortality rates exceeding those of tuberculosis and malaria. This troubling situation has been exacerbated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant fungal strains, which have significantly undermined the effectiveness of current treatments. A number of antifungal medicines are now being utilised in clinical practice. Some of these treatments include azoles, polyenes, pyrimidines, and echinocandins. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs is becoming increasingly limited due to the presence of unwanted side effects, drug-drug interactions, and the rapid development of resistant fungal strains. This growing concern underscores the urgent need for novel antifungal drugs that are safer and more effective than those currently available. Chalcone compounds, whether they are natural or synthetic, have demonstrated significant pharmacological potential due to their extensive range of biological activities. This can be mostly related to the presence of the reactive α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group that is characteristic of chalcones. Furthermore, thiophene is an important scaffold in medicinal chemistry owing to its diverse biological applications. This review article is structured into two main parts. The first part provides an overview of the synthesis of thiophene chalcone derivatives using conventional methods via the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction, highlighting the reaction conditions, catalysts, solvent systems, time, and reported yields from recent studies. The second part presents a summary of thiophene chalcone derivatives evaluated over the past decade (2015-2025) for their antifungal properties, discussing the assays performed, fungal strains tested, and the overall biological outcomes reported.