As wind power installations continue to expand rapidly, ensuring reliable and cost-effective Operation and Maintenance (O&M) over the wind turbine lifetime has become increasingly important. With the development of Industry 4.0, predicting the health status of wind turbines and making informed maintenance decisions has become an urgent challenge that must be addressed to enable the next generation of O&M paradigms. This paper starts with presenting a comprehensive review of health prognostics for wind turbines. Existing approaches are generally divided into two main categories: (1) model-based methods, including physics-based and knowledge-based approaches, and (2) data-driven methods, which encompass statistical methods as well as Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based methods, including both traditional and emerging AI methods. Subsequently, the maintenance decision-making problem informed by wind turbine health information is systematically summarized, with a particular focus on the historical evolution, problem formulation, data challenges, modeling techniques, optimization objectives, and solving techniques. Finally, key open challenges in the context of future digital and intelligent O&M are highlighted, and potential research directions are outlined to address these challenges.
This chapter commences by providing a comprehensive definition of tech-savvy entrepreneurship (TSE), highlighting it as an adaptive and forward-thinking approach to achieve success in business ventures. It delves into theories of digital entrepreneurship to underscore the pivotal importance of technological fluency in effectively navigating and prospering within the progressively intricate business environment. Furthermore, it introduces and expounds upon key concepts such as entrepreneurial agility, technology fluency, and digital transformation, thereby establishing a robust theoretical framework for comprehending the broader impact of technology on entrepreneurial endeavors. In addition to the theoretical insights, this chapter also embeds qualitative research through interviews with accomplished and technology-savvy entrepreneurs. The interviews allow rich firsthand accounts and practical perspectives of how technology can be leveraged in the formation and perpetuation of competitive advantages. This chapter further examines the essential digital skills that modern entrepreneurs must possess. We outline the critical competencies that enable entrepreneurs to understand artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain, master digital marketing, and conduct data analytics while thriving in the digital landscape. Finally, we address challenges and opportunities regarding integrating technology into business models.
Abstract Introduction Temporary fecal diversion can lead to diversion colitis and mucosal dysbiosis before loop ileostomy closure.Butyrate irrigation may improve mucosal recovery and postoperative outcomes. Methods In this single-centre randomized pilot trial conducted between October-2013 and June-2016,patients awaiting elective loop ileostomy closure after rectal cancer resection were allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to no irrigation, butyrate irrigation,or saline irrigation for 4 weeks before closure.The primary endpoint was postoperative morbidity after closure.Secondary endpoints were diversion colitis grade, mucosa-associated microbiota characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of rectal biopsy specimens, LOS and mortality. Results Thirty-nine patients were randomized: 11 to no-irrigation, 13 to butyrate-irrigation, and 15 to saline-irrigation. Overall postoperative morbidity occurred in 13 of 39 patients and did not differ between groups (P = 0.094). Abdominal complications were less frequent in the butyrate -group than in the no-irrigation and saline groups (7.7% versus 18.2% versus 53.3%, P = 0.036). Paralytic ileus did not occur in the butyrate group,although this difference was not statistically-significant (P = 0.054). Endoscopic diversion colitis improved after 4-week-intervention-period, and more than half of patients receiving butyrate had normal mucosa at reassessment (P<0.001).In the no-irrigation group,Firmicutes abundance and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes-ratio decreased significantly over the study period,whereas these changes were not observed in the butyrate group. Discussion In this pilot randomized trial conducted between 2013–2016, preoperative butyrate irrigation before loop-ileostomy closure was not associated with a significant reduction in overall postoperative morbidity,but was associated with fewer abdominal complications,improved mucosal recovery,and preservation of selected microbiota markers during the pre-closure diversion period.These findings warrant confirmation in a larger,adequately powered contemporary study.
Restricting access to a dual-use AI model is precautionary only if it delays harmful actors more than defenders. That condition varies across actors: a state agency or organized criminal group may obtain a substitute through theft, distillation, intermediated access, independent development, or a foreign release, while a small utility or open-source maintainer may have no comparable route. We model a laboratory choosing among controlled access, a defender-first window, safeguarded open weights, and minimally restricted open weights. Access inversion occurs when restriction gives an access advantage to adversaries that obtain effective substitutes faster than defenders. Asymmetric empowerment occurs when immediate release adds the most capability to populations least likely to possess a substitute. The policy ranking also depends on relative usefulness, opportunistic misuse, offense-defense conversion, defensive spillovers, safeguard friction, and nonrecallable losses. A linear benchmark yields a unique adversary-substitution threshold above which broad release overtakes control when the endpoint conditions hold. A defender-first window has value when selected defenders deploy protection before adversaries catch up, and removable safeguards remain useful when they deter enough opportunistic misuse. A nonlinear implementation gives each release tier a nonempty policy region. Three nested 2,048-point deterministic designs assess sensitivity to parameter bounds, and a separate grid examines actor-specific deployment delays after release. Release, cyber-evaluation, and incident-response cases identify the quantities a release review should estimate: actor-specific substitution times, marginal capability gains, deployment rates, defensive reach, newly enabled misuse, and nonrecallable losses.
(English) — V5 The Axiom Lattice of Unified Resonance Cosmology (V5) presents the formal structural grammar of resonance-driven systems across physical, biological, cognitive, and computational domains. Building on the Meta-Axioms of the Unified Resonance Topology Framework (URTF)—including geometry fitness, tension gradients, oscillatory debt, and constraint-priority gating—this framework organizes thirty-two domain-level axioms into a seven-tier lattice governing the emergence, stabilization, and transformation of coherent systems. Version 5 introduces a critical structural inflection point within the Continuum Vortex tier through the formalization of observer-coupled resonance dynamics. Observation is no longer treated as passive measurement but as an active geometric interaction that reshapes the resonance landscape. As a result, system behavior becomes adaptive and relational: prediction is conditional, stability is context-dependent, and boundaries emerge as reflexive, dynamically reconfiguring structures. Each tier inherits its permissible behaviors through constraint pathways originating in the meta-axioms, linking topological requirements to observable system behavior across scales. This establishes a unified framework in which physical structure, biological organization, and cognitive processes arise from shared resonance-coherence mechanisms. The Axiom Lattice therefore serves as a cross-domain synthesis, integrating the mathematical substrate of Unified Resonance Cosmology (URC) with the topological constraints of URTF and extending into applied frameworks including the Architecture of Oscillatory Systems (AOS), Resonant Self-Consistency Architecture (RSCA), Temporal Resonance Observation (TRO), and XY Continuum Geometry (XYCON). Together, these components define the governing principles that constrain, permit, and unify resonance behavior across scales, substrates, and observational conditions.
