The Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital was incorporated under the aegis of the Kunj Behari Lal Charitable Trust. The college is affiliated with Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University, Lucknow.
Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are chronic conditions affecting the masticatory muscles and joints. This study aimed to evaluate central sensitization (CS) and somatization in adults with TMD. Materials and Methods: Eighty adult TMD patients were evaluated using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) and Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8). Clinical exams and pain ratings were conducted, and statistical analyses applied. Results: Most participants fell into the subclinical CSI category. Women reported higher somatization scores. A significant correlation existed between somatic symptom severity and chronic muscle pain. Conclusion: CS is less prevalent than expected in TMD patients, while somatization is more pronounced in women and those with chronic muscle pain. Integrated biopsychosocial approaches are recommended.
TMDs are frequently occurring musculoskeletal disorders that affect the orofacial region, leading to pain and functional limitations. Among conservative treatments, centric stabilization splints are widely used, but their superiority over other noninvasive therapies remains uncertain. To systematically review and quantitatively evaluate the clinical effectiveness of centric stabilization occlusal splints versus other conservative managements in TMD patients. Literature was searched in Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, WoS, EMBASE, and LILACS from 2000 to 2023. The study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared centric stabilization splints to other conservative therapies. The main outcome assessed was the reduction in pain, determined through the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The quality of the evidence was appraised using the GRADE framework. Meta-analysis employed a random effect model. The analysis encompassed eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included more than 400 participants. The combined standardized mean difference (SMD) found that centric stabilization splints had a substantial advantage in reduction of pain (SMD = 0.75; with 95
To assess the global status of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of orthodontists regarding the orthodontic treatment of traumatized teeth. An a priori protocol was developed and registered (PROSPERO, CRD42022342038). The literature search based on the Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) elements of the research question was developed and conducted electronically in PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, up to 31st August 2024. Gray literature and reference searches were also performed. Titles and abstracts were screened, and later, full-text articles were identified. Data extraction and analysis were performed, and the risk of bias was analyzed via the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for cross-sectional analytical studies. The data was synthesized in form of tables and interpretation was performed. From a total of 1272 articles initially identified, six studies qualified for the final synthesis. The awareness of orthodontic treatment of teeth with root fractures, crown fractures, crown‒root fractures, mild and severe injury to the periodontium, and teeth managed by revascularization and root canal treatment was found to be less than 40
Introduction:"Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)" is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, leading to reduced oxygenation and frequent arousals. "Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)" is the gold standard treatment, but many patients exhibit poor compliance. Surgical interventions, particularly combined ENT and oral surgical procedures, are often employed when CPAP fails or is intolerable. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with moderate to severe OSA who underwent combined ENT and oral surgical interventions. The study included multilevel surgeries such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and maxillomandibular advancement (MMA). Outcomes were assessed using parameters such as "apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)," "oxygen desaturation index (ODI)," and "quality of life (QoL)" which were measured before and after surgery. Results:Postoperative results showed a significant reduction in AHI and ODI scores. QoL measures also improved substantially. The success rate, defined as a 50% reduction in AHI, was observed in 80% of the patients. The mean preoperative AHI was 45.3 ± 8.2, which reduced to 15.4 ± 5.1 postoperatively (P < 0.001). Conclusion:Combined ENT and oral surgical interventions effectively lower the severity of OSA and improve patients' QoL. These procedures offer a viable alternative for patients who cannot tolerate CPAP.
INTRODUCTION:An accurate identification of anatomic structures is crucial for planning orthognathic osteotomies. Identification of anatomic landmarks on cephalograms was carried out; however, its application in 3D imaging remains limited. This study assesses the accuracy of using the geometry of ramus on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to locate the horizontal medial osteotomy (MHO). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Forty rami from 14 fresh cadaveric head and necks were subjected to CBCT analysis before performing surgery. The MHO was identified in coronal CBCT views. Measurements were obtained in different CBCT views: sagittal, coronal, and axial views. RESULTS:The mean distance from the proposed horizontal medial osteotomy or cut (HC) to the mandibular foramen (MF) (HC/MF) is 5.2±2.1 mm, which confirms that all the HC are located above the MF. Notably, there were reported differences between the right and left sides of the jaw in the same cadavers, concerning the vertical dimensions and location of Lingula (Li) and MF; there were statistically significant differences in relation to co-variables ( P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Using the ascending ramus geometry functions as a guide while performing the medial horizontal cut by avoiding excessive medial dissection to locate the lingula and thereafter avoiding accidental postoperative nerve disturbance. The study outcome would contribute to the development or amelioration of present machine learning algorithms that are highly effective in supporting surgical planning for dento-maxillofacial deformities.
