Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences (CIDS) is located a top a hill in Virajpet town. The institution was set up in September 1999.It is affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore and recognized by the Dental Council of India, the Government of Karnataka and the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare..
Introduction: Gypsum casts are a potential source of cross-contamination between the clinical and laboratory settings, while various disinfection methods have been used to overcome this situation. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of microwave irradiation as a possible disinfection method on the compressive strength and surface detail reproducibility of Type II and Type III gypsum cast materials at different time intervals. Materials and Methods: The present study included two groups, including control and microwave irradiated group wherein the prepared samples were tested for compressive strength using FIE Universal Testing Machine with an applied load of 400 kg at a cross-head speed of 5 mm/min, while surface detail reproducibility was evaluated using Jenoptik ProgRes C14 stereozoom microscope, and the results obtained subjected to statistical analysis. Results and Discussion: The findings of the present study revealed no statistically significant differences on intergroup comparisons (control and microwave irradiated groups) for the observed compressive strength and surface detail reproducibility values for both Type II and Type III gypsum samples at 2 h and 24 h, respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results obtained in the study, it could, thus, be concluded that microwave irradiation showed negligible effects on both compressive strength and surface detail reproducibility values of Type II and Type III gypsum samples irrespective of the time intervals used in study, clinically implying that microwave irradiation can safely be used to disinfect dental casts for both Type II and Type III gypsum products without significantly affecting their physical characteristics.
Introduction: Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst whereas ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic epithelial tumour, and squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant epithelial neoplasm. Although OKC is classified as a cyst, its high proliferative potential and aggressive behaviour often lead to uncertainty regarding its neoplastic nature. Cellular proliferation can be assessed using Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers, among which Ki-67 is considered reliable as it is expressed in all active phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, and M), making it an accurate indicator of proliferative activity. Aim: To compare the Ki-67 Labelling Index (LI) of OKC, Follicular ameloblastoma, Well-Differentiated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (WDOSCC) and normal oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Oral Pathology, Pondicherry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Dental Science from June 2022 till June 2024 for a period of two years. The Study included histopathologically diagnosed, paraffin-embedded archival tissue blocks of OKC, Follicular Ameloblastoma, WDOSCC, and Normal Oral Mucosa, along with Fresh Biopsy Specimens of OKC, Follicular Ameloblastoma, WDOSCC, and Normal Oral Mucosa. A total of 48 Cases were included, comprising 12 Cases each of OKC without Inflammation (Group A), Follicular Ameloblastoma (Group B), WDOSCC (Group C), and Normal Oral Mucosa (Group D). Study was carried out using three microns paraffin embedded formalin fixed tissue sections which were stained immunohistochemically with Ki-67 antibody and its Labelling Index (LI) was evaluated by manual counting of 10 camera-captured hotspot areas at X200 magnification on zig-zag pattern to avoid repetition. The results were later evaluated statistically by IBM SPSS Version 20.0. Mean and Standard deviation (SD) were used to summarise the data. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference. Statistical tests employed are tests of normality, Oneway Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and appropriate post-hoc tests were performed for pairwise comparisons between groups. Results: All cases of WDOSCC and normal oral mucosa were Ki67 positive, whereas in contrast, positive expression was observed in 10 (83.3%) cases of OKC and 5 (41.7%) cases of Follicular Ameloblastoma. The mean labelling index of OKC was 17.13±10.40, Ameloblastoma was 2.14±2.97, of OSCC was 35.19±15.41, and of Normal oral mucosa was 19.29±4.09. Mean labelling index of WDOSCC was the highest followed by normal oral mucosa and OKC and the lowest in follicular ameloblastoma. Conclusion: The study findings highlight distinct differences in cellular roliferation among oral lesions, supporting the aggressive nature of WDOSCC and the comparatively lower proliferative potential of follicular ameloblastoma. OKC and normal oral mucosa had almost similar Ki-67 LI.
Paraesthesia due to nerve injury is a common complication following the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, often affecting the Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IAN). Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has shown promising results in promoting neurosensory recovery in such cases. This case report presents the management of postoperative nerve paraesthesia in a 24-year-old female patient using 980 nm diode laser therapy. The treatment was delivered in contact mode at 0.5 W, applying three joules per point for 30 seconds at each irradiation site. Sensory function was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), in-prick, and brush stroke tests (conducted at each visit for comparative assessment). Initially, the patient recorded a VAS score of 10. By the fourth session, the score decreased to eight. After ten sessions, complete recovery was noted in the chin, gingiva, and oral mucosa (VAS=0), with partial improvement in the lower lip (VAS=8) and mandibular left central incisor (VAS=6). Full recovery was observed after 20 sessions. This report suggests that LLLT is a safe, non-invasive, and effective modality for enhancing nerve regeneration and managing paraesthesia following third molar surgery.
Abstract Implant failure remains a significant challenge in the medical and dental fields, with various factors contributing to the complications associated with implants. Recent advances in genetic research have begun to uncover the potential role of genetic predispositions in influencing the success or failure of implants. This article reviews current literature on the genetic factors that impact osseointegration, immune response, and bone metabolism, which are critical for implant stability. Key genetic variations in cytokine expression, bone remodelling genes, and inflammatory pathways are explored as potential contributors to implant failure. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of implant outcomes can lead to more personalised approaches in implant design, patient selection, and post-operative care, ultimately improving long-term success rates and reducing complications.
Class III malocclusion is a multifactorial dentofacial deformity characterised by an abnormal sagittal relationship between the maxilla and mandible, most commonly manifesting as maxillary retrognathia, mandibular prognathism, or a combination of both. Its prevalence varies markedly across populations, from below two percent in several Indian and Northern European cohorts to over fifteen percent in East and Southeast Asian groups, reflecting an interplay of genetic, environmental, and functional determinants. Because the disorder spans dental, skeletal, and functional dimensions, accurate differential diagnosis - distinguishing true skeletal Class III from dentoalveolar compensation and pseudo (functional) Class III - underpins rational treatment planning. This review synthesises the etiology, classification, epidemiology, and stepwise management of Class III malocclusion across the growth continuum. In growing patients, correction of simple crossbites, functional appliance therapy, chin-cup treatment, and maxillary protraction with or without rapid maxillary expansion remain central to interceptive management, with the Growth Treatment Response Vector offering a means of predicting subsequent mandibular growth and guiding the decision between camouflage and surgery.
