Background High-voltage sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with excellent electrochemical performances are dependent on optimizing the electrode materials and electrolyte. Methods Herein, mesoporous and carbon-coated sodium vanadium fluorophosphate microparticles with additional nitrogen-doped carbon-encapsulated features (meso-NC subset of NVPF/C MPs) are successfully synthesized to explore the electrochemical performances utilizing 1 M NaPF6/diglyme as the electrolyte. Significant findings Benefiting from the distinguishing textural characteristics and firmly carbon networks, the synthesized meso-NC subset of NVPF/C MPs give stable discharge capacity (126 mAh/g(NVPF) at 1 C), superior rate capabilities (specific capacity at 20 C: similar to 73.0 % of the value at 1 C), and impressive lifespans (capacity retention: 93.5 % after 2800 cycles at 5 C). In addition, the SIBs assembled by meso-NC subset of NVPF/C cathode and commercial hard carbon anode also show remarkable reversible capacities (124 mAh/g(NVPF) at 0.1 mA/cm(2) and 119 mAh/g(NVPF) at 0.5 mA/cm(2)). Accordingly, the concept (i.e., synergistically manipulating cathode morphology and electrolyte compatibility) disclosed here could be further extended to other cathode materials for high-performance SIBs.
Abstract As a result of recent advances, solvent-based postcombustion CO 2 capture (PCC) systems have shown markedly improved absorption capacity, regeneration efficiency, and solvent stability compared with conventional monoethanolamine systems. This review provides a comparative assessment of seven major solvent classes, namely, amine blends and promoters, amino acid-based solvents, phase-change solvents, water-lean and nonaqueous systems, ionic liquids (ILs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs), and nanofluids. Among these solvent classes, amine blends remain the most practical short-term solution, achieving 33–60 % reductions in regeneration energy with proven scalability. Phase-change and biphasic solvents deliver the lowest regeneration energies (0.74–1.3 GJ t −1 CO 2 ) among solvent classes, whereas water-lean systems balance energy savings with corrosion resistance and reduced water use. DESs and ILs offer long-term potential through molecular tunability and environmental compatibility. However, their viscosity and recyclability remain key challenges. Nanofluids expand the research frontier by coupling chemical reactivity with enhanced mass transfer. Progress in solvent-based PCC depends on integrating molecular design, process optimization, and pilot-scale validation to achieve low-energy, stable, and scalable CO 2 capture technologies.
This study aims to investigate the influence of parasitic capacitances within half-bridge SiC power metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) modules, including input capacitance (Ciss), output capacitance (Coss), and reverse transfer capacitance (Crss), on their switching transients and switching losses during dynamic switching. A secondary objective is to assess the impact of parasitic capacitances on power loss and thermal performance in a single-phase SiC MOSFET inverter operating in an H-bridge configuration that employs two half-bridge SiC power MOSFET modules identical to the one described above. To accurately capture the switching transients, switching losses, and parasitic effects of the SiC power module during dynamic transients and inverter operating under sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) in single-phase open-loop mode, an electromagnetic-circuit modeling (EMCM) framework is developed. This approach integrates an electromagnetic model, an equivalent circuit model, and a SiC MOSFET characteristic model. The validity of the proposed integrated modeling framework is verified by comparison with the measurement results obtained from double-pulse testing (DPT) and thermal resistance experiments. Ultimately, using the developed integrated modeling framework, a guideline for improving power loss and thermal behavior of the power inverter under various device and system conditions is formulated through parametric analysis. The findings demonstrate that parasitic capacitances significantly affect switching waveforms and loss, and also influence the thermal performance of the system, with Crss showing the most dominant impact.
Membrane distillation (MD) presents issues such as fouling, scaling, and temperature and concentration polarization. For the first time, protracted MD in continuous and intermittent operations was compared to overcome the aforementioned difficulties and accomplish simultaneous oxalic acid (OA) and sulfuric acid (SA) recovery from the actual waste acid solution (WAS). The long-term procedures lasted 75 h and included three rounds of intermittent EDTA cleansing. The permeate flux in continuous and intermittent modes was obtained as 10.33 LMH and 7.72 LMH, respectively. Severe wetness occurred in intermittent mode following the last operation due to increasing EC in the permeate. The final OA flow was 109.27 mmol m- 2 h- 1 (intermittent) and 13.75 mmol m- 2 h- 1 (continuous), whereas the SA flux was 10.59 mmol m- 2 h- 1 (continuous) and 136.39 mmol m- 2 h- 1 (intermittent). The continuous operation had minimal effect on temperature and concentration polarization, fouling, and scaling. Multivalent ions were firmly bound to humic-fulvic acid and tyrosine compounds, precipitating oxalate and sulfate salts, which were then deposited on the membrane surface. The study provides important insights for the future application of MD in concurrent OA and SA recovery in WAS, as well as controlling membrane fouling and scaling.
Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) based on Fe–Si–Cr (FeSiCr) are attractive for molded power inductors but can suffer from elevated core loss at high frequency. In this work, FeSiCr/phenolic SMCs are systematically benchmarked by blending the FeSiCr–phenolic matrix (2 wt
