Invensys

AbstractThere is an increasing demand for orthodontic treatment by adult patients in dental offices. Orthodontic treatment in adults has particular characteristics, because, in addition to not showing active growth, there are situations that demand interrelation with other areas of dentistry, such as, Periodontics, Dental Prosthesis, Restorative Dentistry and Implantology. The objective of this work was to describe a clinical case of an adult patient with periodontal involvement, establishing the main considerations to be taken in the orthodontic treatment of adult patients with periodontal involvement. The results obtained in the clinical case showed that it is possible to treat patients with periodontal involvement as long as some precautions are taken, such as strict hygiene control, in association with the specialty of periodontics, a reduced sequence of wires, in order to shorten treatment time, using low intensity forces, to minimize damage to periodontal tissues. The orthodontic treatment performed, gave the patient the desired smile functionality and aesthetics, prioritizing a strict hygiene control, the use of light forces, simplification in orthodontic movement, as well as the use of fixed and permanent restraints in areas of reduced periodontium. Keywords: Orthodontic Treatment. Adult. Periodontics. Alveolar Bone Loss. Resumo É crescente a procura de tratamento ortodôntico por pacientes adultos nos consultórios odontológicos. O tratamento ortodôntico em adultos, apresenta características particulares, pois, além de não apresentar crescimento ativo, ocorrem situações que demandam a inter-relação com outras áreas da odontologia como a, Periodontia, Prótese dentária, Dentística Restauradora e Implantodontia. O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever um caso clínico de paciente adulta comprometida periodontalmente, estabelecendo as principais considerações a serem tomadas no tratamento ortodôntico de pacientes adultos com comprometimento periodontal. Os resultados obtidos no caso clínico, demonstraram, que é possível tratar os pacientes com comprometimento periodontal desde que sejam tomados alguns cuidados, como controle restrito de higienização, em associação com a especialidade da periodontia, uma sequência reduzida de fios, com o intuito de abreviar o tempo de tratamento, utilizando forças de baixa intensidade, para minimizar danos aos tecidos periodontais. O tratamento ortodôntico realizado, devolveu a paciente a funcionalidade e a estética do sorriso almejada, priorizando um controle rígido de higienização, o uso de forças leves, a simplificação na movimentação ortodôntica, bem como o uso de contenções fixas e permanentes em áreas de periodonto reduzido. Palavras-chave: Tratamento Ortodôntico. Adulto. Periodontia. Perda Óssea Alveolar.

The rice cultivar SCS122 Miura has modern architecture, lodging resistance, late maturity cycle, moderate resistance to blast, high yield potential, long grains and adequate cooking quality. Industrial tests have demonstrated that the grains are suitable for parboiled rice. SCS122 Miura is recommended for all rice-producer regions of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil.

The NOx absorption process is very complex with over forty reactions having been identified. The NOx absorption tower is a key operation in the production of nitric acid. In this work, we proposed a simple yet theoretically sound reaction model consisting of only four reactions (one kinetic and three equilibrium). We apply the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state and NRTL activity-coefficient model, respectively, to account for the thermodynamic vapor and liquid non-idealities for the NOx-HNO3-O-2-N-2-H2O system. Based on the reaction model and thermodynamic framework in this work, the NOx absorption tower has been simulated statically by SimSci PRO/II and dynamically by SimSci DYNSIM. The simulation results agree well with the reference data. For the dynamic simulation, the simulation speed is well above the stringent speed requirement by a special dynamic application. In addition, the simulation of the tower azeotropic phenomenon has been discussed.

Dynamic simulation can be a valuable tool in process design. Many applications of dynamic simulation require very large, plant scale simulation models. Such models become computationally expensive if solved in an equation oriented fashion with traditional DAE integrators. Historically, pressure-flow solvers have been used to decompose such large models into a more convenient computational solution. However, rigorous incorporation of phase equilibrium relationships and phase disappearance into the pressure-flow solver framework has been lacking in many implementations. This paper sets out a rigorous, accurate and robust method to remedy this deficiency and shows an example of the results obtained.