This study examines how co-creation unfolds in sustainable family entrepreneurship across nine co-creation cases in two family firms in Mexico and Colombia. Drawing on family embeddedness and entrepreneurial co-creation, we show that sustainable family entrepreneurship emerges through a relational process in which family and non-family actors negotiate sustainability meanings, organise participation and control, and generate outcomes over time. The findings identify three aggregate dimensions of sustainable family co-creation: family sustainable drivers and motivations, family sustainable management and control, and family co-created sustainable outcomes. These dimensions operate through six mechanisms: generating a shared view, conveying different interpretations, family coupling, family decoupling, family inclusion, and family separation. The study contributes to family entrepreneurship research by explaining how family embeddedness influences entrepreneurial action through evolving forms of family engagement.
Freshwater governance is a wicked problem, characterised by uncertainty, contested values, and complex socio-ecological interdependencies. This article analyses rights of nature frameworks in freshwater ecosystems through a Public Design perspective, arguing that they operate as legally transformative design interventions. Drawing on theories of wicked problems and multi-loop learning, it conceptualises rights of nature as emerging experimental institutional designs that redistribute agency across human and nonhuman actors reshaping how uncertainty and ambiguity are governed within freshwater governance. Through comparative analysis of cases from Aotearoa New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Nigeria, and Peru, the article shows how rights of nature initiatives reconfigure problem definitions, decision-making practices, and epistemic authority in freshwater governance. Rather than resolving complexity, these frameworks aim to institutionalise deliberation and learning under uncertainty. By situating rights of nature within Public Design theory, the article extends design scholarship into legal innovation and foregrounds law as a material for governing socio-ecological complexity.
The primary objectives of the present cross-sectional study were to translate and culturally adapt the YouTube Addiction Scale (YAS) into Malay and to evaluate its reliability, factorial validity, concurrent validity, and measurement invariance across gender and ethnicity among Malaysian university students. A total of 690 students participated (mean age = 21.29 years [SD ± 2.42]; 74% female). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a unidimensional YAS structure with good fit (CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.97, SRMR = 0.06, RMSEA = 0.07). The scale exhibited strong reliability (α = 0.83, ω = 0.84) and measurement invariance across gender and ethnicity. YAS scores showed correlation with Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale score (r = 0.17, p < 0.001) and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale score (r = 0.23, p < 0.001), a weak correlation with time spent on social media (r = 0.09, p = 0.02), and no significant relationship with time spent on online gaming (r = 0.03, p = 0.47). The Malay YAS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing YouTube addiction among Malaysian university students. Its unidimensional structure, strong reliability, robust measurement invariance across gender and ethnicity, and satisfactory concurrent validity support its application in research, screening, and intervention programs.
BackgroundThe importance of school nurses' active involvement in health promotion directed to school aged children is widely recognized. Research on school nurses' experiences of health promotion remains limited.AimThe aim of this study was to describe school nurses' health promotion practices and experiences within the Swedish educational context.MethodsNational cross-sectional data from school nurses (n = 596) were collected through a web-based survey. Narrative data from an open-ended question (n = 354) were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsFindings highlight how adoption of health promotion activities was shaped by variations in collaboration, resources, and organizational support. Many school nurses relied on their own initiative and creativity to work with health promotion, often with limited time and beyond the boundaries of the regular program.ConclusionThere is an urgent need for clearer national guidelines and methods for health promotion, collaborative approaches and organizational support with clear expectations and sufficient time allocation.
This paper explores how a recent European Union proposal, the so-called Chat Control, which creates regulatory incentives for providers to implement content detection and communication scanning, could transform the foundations of human-robot interaction (HRI). As robots increasingly act as interpersonal communication channels in care, education, and telepresence, they convey not only speech but also gesture, emotion, and contextual cues. We argue that extending digital surveillance laws to such embodied systems would entail continuous monitoring, embedding observation into the very design of everyday robots. This regulation blurs the line between protection and control, turning companions into potential informants. At the same time, monitoring mechanisms that undermine end-to-end encryption function as de facto backdoors, expanding the attack surface and allowing adversaries to exploit legally induced monitoring infrastructures. This creates a paradox of safety through insecurity: systems introduced to protect users may instead compromise their privacy, autonomy, and trust. This work does not aim to predict the future, but to raise awareness and help prevent certain futures from materialising.
