S.S. Academy of Technical Education, Bengaluru (JSSATEB), or in its full name Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara Academy of Technical Education, Bengaluru, is an engineering college in Bangalore, India established in 1997 and managed by JSS Mahavidyapeetha, Mysore.
Accurate recognition of human activities in complex environments is vital for numerous applications, including healthcare, smart environments, and human-machine interaction. This research presents a novel hybrid approach to enhance the robustness and accuracy of human activity recognition (HAR) by leveraging multimodal data fusion techniques. Depth data, processed through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and inertial data, analyzed using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, are effectively integrated to exploit complementary spatial and temporal features. Additionally, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is employed alongside autoencoders for efficient dimensionality reduction and feature enhancement. The proposed PCA-Enhanced Hybrid Pipeline is evaluated using the UTD Multimodal Human Action Dataset, showcasing its ability to integrate depth-derived spatial insights with inertial sensor-based temporal dynamics. Experimental results highlight the superiority of the proposed method, achieving a weighted accuracy of up to 97.56
Excess energy (PExc) in isolated microgrids based on hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) causes reliability and protection issues. This paper presents the optimal design of HRES by minimizing the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and PExc management in isolated microgrids (IMGs) with different types of energy storage systems (ESS), including battery energy storage (BES) technologies, pumped hydro storage (PHS), hydrogen energy storage (HES), and thermal energy storage (TES). The IMGs design with the various BES technologies minimizes the LCOE in the range of 0.1050 $/kWh-0.3307 $/kWh, ensuring supply reliability above 96% and limiting PExc generation below 10%. Similarly, the IMGs with PHS, HES, and TES offer the electricity at LCOEs of 0.4094 $/kWh, 0.2824 $/kWh, and 0.1429 $/kWh, respectively. The optimally designed IMG with the HES reduces the highest 92.39% greenhouse gas emissions. The African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) minimizes the LCOE with a faster convergence rate and higher accuracy.
The engineering components in high-temperature applications, such as gas turbines, boilers, aerospace, and power generation systems, result in rapid degradation of the material. This paper has studied CoMoCrSi+WC12Co composite coating on MDN420 steel by the high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying process and investigated the high-temperature oxidation and hot corrosion performance of the coated material. The coating integrity was excellent as the as-sprayed coating has a dense and homogeneous microstructure with low porosity (2.1 +/- 0.85%), high microhardness (909.21 +/- 25HV), and a moderate roughness of the surface Ra = 4.77 +/- 0.18 & micro;m). Simulation of severe service conditions was performed by cyclic oxidation and hot corrosion tests conducted at 700 degrees C with 20 min of cooling at room temperature between each cycle. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to study the change in phases, redistribution of the elements, and degradation process. XRD showed that, cyclically oxidized coating at 700 degrees C in air, an adherent continuous oxide scale leads to Cr2O3, CoO, Co3O4, and CoCr2O4 spinel phases formed with SiO2 playing a role in densifying the oxide scale. Hot corrosion with molten salt (80%Na2SO4 + 20%V2O5 at 700 degrees C), the coating formed spinel oxide phases Na2CrO4, CoV2O6 and minor WO3 traces, and retained WC partially. The parabolic rate constants of oxidation and hot corrosion relative to MDN420 substrate were 1.21 & times; 10-9 g2cm- 4s- 1 and 7.6 & times; 10- 8g2cm- 4 s- 1, respectively, indicating the suitability of the coating in high temperature surface protection. Thus, the resulting HVOF-sprayed CoMoCrSi+WC12Co can be utilized as sturdy surface protection coatings of components that have to sustain in the high-temperature corrosive conditions.
Eco-friendly multifunctional luminescent materials are vital for advanced optoelectronic and sensing technologies. In this work, orange-red emitting BaZrO3: Sm3 + nanopowders were prepared via a green hydrothermal technique using Punica granatum peel extract as a natural complexing and stabilizing mediator. Cubic structure was evaluated by Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) profiles. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images exhibited the nanoscale dimension of the prepared compound (42 nm). The Sm3 +-activated BaZrO3 matrix exhibits three prominent and well-defined emission bands originating from the 4G5/2 excited state of Sm3 +, corresponding to the 4G5/2 -* 6H5/2 (orange), 4G5/2 -* 6H7/2 (dominant orange-red), and 4G5/2 -* 6H9/2 (deep red) transitions. Under near-UV excitation (402 nm), it was noticed that, an transfer of energy from host matrix to the dopant atoms significantly enhance these f-f transitions, producing intense and stable orange-red luminescence. The chromaticity color diagrams indicated the orange-red color emission of the Sm3 + doped compounds. Also, the photoluminescence quantum yield and purity of the samples were evaluated and observed to be 82 and 95% respectively. Furthermore, a modified sensing platform incorporating prepared BaZrO3:Sm3 + NPs was designed to detect Pramoxine Hydrochloride (PMH), a clinically relevant topical anesthetic. The sensor exhibits a quick response with excellent linearity, low detection limit, and strong anti-interference behavior. The detection mechanism is primarily governed by luminescence quenching resulting from dynamic interactions between PMH molecules and the excited states of Sm3 + ions. Overall, the synergy between the robust perovskite host, sharp Sm3 + emissions, and strong sensing capability highlights the potential of BaZrO3:Sm3 + nanophosphors for nextgeneration optoelectronic displays, drug-monitoring systems, and multifunctional sensor technologies.
Fabrication of photocatalysts with controllable morphology and surface structure is a key strategy to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants. In this study, nano-sized copper zinc tin sulphide (Cu2ZnSnS4) (CZTS) was prepared using the hydrothermal method and characterised by various spectroscopic and microscopic methods. CZTS showed a tetragonal microcrystalline structure with an average particle size distribution of 15 nm. A negative flat band potential (– 1.8 eV) with a narrow band gap (1.6 eV) structure proved a p-type semiconducting behavior for CZTS. The nanoparticles were further employed in the photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet (CV) dye under the visible light source (16 W LED), which demonstrated an excellent photocatalytic activity of over 95
