Jodhpur National University (JNU) is a state private university created under the state government private university act by state government. The University is situated in the suburbs of Jodhpur and is housed in a campus of 30 acres. The university has more than 13,000 students. It is doesn't recognized by UGC under Section 2(f) of UGC Act 1956. The university is offering various courses under the discipline of faculties.
The use of mineral fertilizers for onion cultivation can degrade soil physical properties and microbial diversity, thereby adversely affecting crop productivity and nutritional quality of onion bulbs. To address this concern, a long-term field experiment was conducted with six treatments to evaluate the effects of varying proportions of mineral fertilizers and organic manures, combined with the plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs), on bulb yield attributes, nutritional quality, sensory characteristics, spicing superiority, and nutraceutical contents of onion bulbs. The results demonstrated that applying 100 per cent of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) through organic manures, in combination with PGPMs inoculation, significantly improved plant growth parameters (ranging from 2.39% to 21.95%), bulb yield attributes (3.28% to 16.53%), physicochemical properties (7.30% to 53.08%), economic returns (7.64% to 18.69%), total mineral content (0.68% to 39.88%), and nutraceutical concentrations (21.47% to 75.32%). Moreover, this integrated approach enhanced crop resistance mechanisms against major diseases and insect infestations compared to the exclusive use of 100% RDF via mineral fertilizers. Overall, the study suggests that integrating organic manure-based RDF with PGPMs inoculation enhances onion productivity and nutritional quality. In conclusion, the combined use of organic manure and PGPMs significantly improved the nutritional density, organoleptic properties, and flavour qualities of onion bulbs, while also contributing to reduction of pathogen and insect pest infestations during cultivation.
Technology based on OAM (orbital angular momentum) has great potential for enhancing the bandwidth efficiency of telecommunication systems. Although OAM waves are orthogonal, it is possible to multiplex various modes within a single frequency channel. Significantly, the overall spectrum efficiency, as well as channel capacity, can be improved. Multiple users can share the same frequency channel by using orthogonal modes, which eliminates the requirement for extra resources like time and frequency. This research uses MATLAB code to derive a uniform circular array (UCA) antenna factor under the cylindrical coordinate system. This factor is used to illustrate the array antenna's electric field to generate OAM waves or radio waves that carry the OAM mode. OAM modes can be reconfigured for the no. of UCA elements (N) needed to generate a ripple-free radiation pattern based on the UCA antenna factor. Additionally, the significance of UCA radius and observational distance (the field plane-UCA plane gap) on the phase distribution and radiation pattern from OAM mode 1 to 5 is graphically evaluated and optimized. The MATLAB simulations compute the electric field phase distribution pattern (EFPDP) and normalized radiation pattern (NRP) at 76 GHz. The method predicts the peak, side lobes, and comparable radiation patterns of the radiation pattern, offering an effective means of optimizing OAM modes and analysing trade-offs.
Photoelectrochemical Cell is a device that absorbs light with a high-absorption electrolyte solution and provides energy for photo chemical reactions. Ponceau-S was used as a photosensitizer and EDTA served as a reducing agent in the study of photoelectronchemical cells. The photocurrent and photo potential were 1047.0 mV and 390.0 µA respectively. The highest power of the cell was 84.0 µW, with a conversion efficiency of 1.61%. The fill factor of the cell was 0.20. The photoelectric cell can function at this power level for 240.0 minutes in storage (performance). The effects of various parameters on the cell's electrical output were observed. In this study, a mechanism for photocurrent generation in Photoelectrochemical cells is proposed.
The harmful impacts of groundwater pollutants, specifically fluoride and nitrate, on human and animal health are widely recognised on a global scale. The rural regions possess a significant amount of agricultural waste biomass, which can be utilised to generate porous biochar through uncomplicated, eco-friendly, and economical techniques. The current investigation was proposed for the utilisation of Peanut shell biomass to produce active carbons through a uncomplicated pyrolytic process. The active carbons were then evaluated for their efficacy in adsorbing fluoride ions from groundwater samples obtained from the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan, India. The production of amorphous porous activated carbon, or PSAC, was carried out through a pyrolytic process with alkaline stimulation and nitrogen flow, reaching a maximum temperature of 550°C. The resulting material exhibited a specific surface area of 479.569 m2/g and a micropore volume of 0.124 cm3/g. A range of spectrometric instruments, such as XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, BET, and pHzpc, were utilised to analyse and characterise the synthesised material. A study was conducted to investigate various adsorption parameters, adsorption isotherms, and kinetic studies through a batch experiment. The study on adsorption indicates that the PSAC demonstrated efficient elimination of fluoride from a solution containing water, exhibiting a sorption capacity of 7.75 mg/gm and 80% effectiveness in removal. The findings of the study on adsorption isotherms indicate that the Freundlich isotherm was the most suitable model for the equilibrium study, as evidenced by a linear regression value of 0.993. The kinetic data were analysed to assess the applicability of the pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order models, as well as the intra-particle diffusion concept. The kinetics investigation revealed that the process of adsorption was consistent with a pseudo-second order reaction. Consequently, it was anticipated that the investigation would enhance and augment the economic exploitation of peanut shell biomass for the purpose of water purification.
