Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University (AKTU), before 2015 as the Uttar Pradesh Technical University (UPTU), is a state government run affiliating university in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established as the Uttar Pradesh Technical University through the Government of Uttar Pradesh on 8 May 2000. To reduce workload and to ensure proper management, the university was bifurcated into separate universities, Gautam Buddh Technical University (GBTU) and Mahamaya Technical University (MTU), with effect from 1 May 2010. In 2013, as a new government came into power, the university was formed again by combining the two on 5 January 2013.It is an affiliating university, with approximately 800 colleges affiliated to it. The university was earlier on the IET Lucknow campus. Now it is in its newly inaugurated campus in Jankipuram, Lucknow. Additionally, the university had a Centre and Regional Office in Noida, Uttar Pradesh.Dr. A.P.J. A.P.J. A.P.J..
A range of Ni-based catalysts were prepared by supporting nickel on γ-Al2O3, SiO2, zeolites, and mesoporous materials using simple wet impregnation and co-precipitation techniques. Bimetallic and promoted systems (Ni–M = Co, Mo, W, Sn, La, and Cu) were systematically evaluated, with particular emphasis on Ni–Mo catalysts of varying Ni/Mo molar ratios. The catalysts were examined using techniques such as XRD, BET surface area analysis, H2-TPR, H2 pulse chemisorption, SEM, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The hydrodearomatization reactions were carried out in a fixed-bed continuous reactor under relatively mild operating conditions (200–250 °C, 10–30 bar H2). Catalytic performance was strongly dependent on support nature, promoter metal, preparation method, and thermal pretreatment. Among monometallic systems, Ni/γ-Al2O3 exhibited superior activity compared to Ni/SiO2 and zeolite-supported catalysts. Mo promotion significantly enhanced Ni dispersion and hydrogenation efficiency, with the Ni–Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst at a Ni/Mo molar ratio of 15:1 delivering the highest performance. Under optimized conditions, aromatic content in LAB raffinate was reduced from ∼ 24 vol% to ∼ 2.6 vol% with overall conversion exceeding 90%. The co-precipitated Ni–Al (2:1) catalyst demonstrated excellent stability during a 100-h continuous run, retaining ∼ 80–90% activity and showing effective regeneration. The developed Ni–Al and Ni–Mo/Al2O3 catalysts enable efficient, stable, and economically attractive upgrading of LAB raffinate into jet/rocket fuel–compatible products under relatively mild operating conditions, offering a viable alternative to noble-metal-based hydrotreating catalysts.
Junctionless field effect transistors heavily rely on control gate engineering to perform. Dielectric material types, scaling of gate oxide, gate metal work, among others all choose the performance of the entire device. This paper simulates and analyses a graphene nanoribbon double gate junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (DG-JL GNR-TFET) using a non-quasi-static small-signal model to investigate its radio frequency properties. The control gate engineering effect, dielectric choice, and oxide scaling has been evaluated in detail with regard to device performance. The experiment shows that as the thickness of the oxide is increased, the efficiency of tunneling increases and the cut-off frequency (fT) reaches a maximum of 1.01 × 1012 Hz when the oxide thickness is 1nm thick. Electrostatic control is further enhanced by high-k dielectrics with TiO2 (2 nm) giving the best trade-off, with current ratio of 2.61 × 1012, subthreshold swing of 20.75 mV/dec, transconductance of 0.36 mS and gate capacitance of 0.065 fF at 1 V gate and drain voltages. Work function variation reveals an inverse dependence of frequency on work function, with the highest value (5.23 × 1011 Hz) obtained at 4.1 eV. Comparative benchmarking against reported tunnel field effect transistors highlights the superior switching ratio and steep subthreshold swing of the proposed device, confirming its potential for low-power, high-efficiency radio frequency front-end circuits and emerging Internet of Everything applications.
Abstract Cognitive radio wireless sensor networks (CR-WSNs) are particularly susceptible to routing vulnerabilities arising from dynamic-spectrum availability and sophisticated adversarial attacks, emphasizing the need for secure and efficient routing mechanisms. Current solutions address routing optimization, spectrum management, and security as independent tasks, leading to suboptimal performance and susceptibility to Byzantine jamming, spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF), and primary user emulation attacks (PUEA). This article introduces DRL-SecRoute (deep reinforcement learning-based secure routing), a new unified secure routing framework that synergistically integrates deep reinforcement learning with adaptive spectrum sensing to address the multi-dimensional optimization problem of secure routing in dynamic CR-WSN environments. The key contributions are fourfold: (1) a twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm enhanced with prioritized experience replay (PER), specifically designed for continuous state-action spaces in CR-WSNs, achieving 40
Driven by the search for non-toxic alternatives to lead-based perovskites, this work presents a comprehensive first-principles investigation of novel gold-based halide perovskites, SrAuX3 (X = Cl, Br). Thermodynamic stability is confirmed through cohesive and formation energy calculations, with both compounds crystallizing in a stable cubic structure. Phonon dispersion calculations reveal no imaginary frequencies, confirming dynamical stability. Elastic constants satisfy Born stability criteria, and the calculated mechanical parameters indicate complementary behavior: SrAuCl3 exhibits high ductility (Pugh's ratio = 9.91), while SrAuBr3 shows greater shear rigidity (Shear Modulus = 12.86 GPa). Electronic property analysis reveals semiconducting behavior, with band gaps tuned by the halide identity: SrAuCl3 exhibits wider gaps (1.88-1.95 eV) ideal for visible-light absorption in photovoltaics, while SrAuBr3 has narrower gaps (0.70-1.44 eV) suitable for infrared optoelectronics. The materials demonstrate exceptional optical performance, including strong absorption from infrared to ultraviolet and high optical conductivity. Furthermore, they exhibit promising thermoelectric properties, with a figure of merit (ZT) reaching similar to 0.71 at high temperatures. This combination of compelling optoelectronic characteristics and efficient thermal energy conversion underscores the significant potential of SrAuX3 perovskites for applications in solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and high-temperature thermoelectric generators.
The development of multifunctional heterocycles combining optoelectronic and biological potential is of significant interest in modern materials and medicinal chemistry. In this study, an aryl substituted bis-aminouracil derivative 5,5-((2-bromophenyl)methylene) bis(6-amino-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4-dione) (BBDP) was synthesized under mild, green conditions and comprehensively analysed by DFT, ADMET, and molecular docking approaches. Frontier molecular orbital analysis revealed a HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 4.8768 eV, reflecting favourable thermodynamic stability and reactivity, supported by global reactivity descriptors such as ionization potential (5.8668 eV), electron affinity (0.9900 eV), and electrophilicity index (2.4101 eV). Excited-state investigations demonstrated efficient intramolecular charge transfer, while topological analyses (RDG, ELF, LOL) highlighted pronounced electronic delocalization. Notably, the compound exhibited 4.32 times increase in dipole moment, 9.95 times rise in mean polarizability, and a 16.44 times enhancement in first-order hyperpolarizability compared with urea, confirming its strong NLO response. ADMET predictions supported drug-likeness, and molecular docking against cyclooxygenase-2 (6COX) showed excellent binding affinity (-8.7 kcal/mol), stabilized by multiple hydrogen bonds, halogen interactions, and hydrophobic contacts. Collectively, these findings establish the compound as an electronically versatile, biologically promising as anti-inflammatory, and environmentally benign heterocyclic scaffold with potential dual applications in optoelectronic devices and therapeutic development.
