This multisociety, multidisciplinary consensus—formally endorsed by the European Society of Surgical Oncology, the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, and the Society of Interventional Oncology—was developed to standardise the assessment of ablation margins in liver tumour thermal ablation. A modified Delphi process, consisting of two online surveys and a hybrid (online and in-person meeting in Innsbruk) consensus meeting of 72 experts from North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. Formal consensus was reached for 150 (75%) of 199 statements. Strong agreement was observed between interventional and surgical oncologists, with only 12 (6%) of 199 statements showing significantly different ratings. Participants agreed that ablation margins should be assessed and documented for every treated tumour. Margins should be assessed quantitatively in three dimensions, with contrast-enhanced CT or MRI, preferably intraprocedurally with ablation confirmation software. Ablation margins should be categorised as A0 (tumour completely covered with sufficient margin), A1 (tumour completely covered but insufficient margin), or A2 (portion of tumour remains unablated). This effort is, to our knowledge, the first international consensus initiative to define best-practice recommendations for margin assessment in liver tumour thermal ablation to standardise practices, aiming to improve and promote uniform outcomes.
Die Ernährung spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Entstehung einer chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankung (CED) im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Die Behandlung von CED-Patienten mit einer exklusiven enteralen Ernährungstherapie (EEN) hat sich bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit milder bis moderater Entzündungsaktivität des Morbus Crohn (MC) als erfolgreich erwiesen und nimmt daher einen hohen Stellenwert ein. Dennoch ist die Akzeptanz der EEN bei Patienten und ihren Angehörigen oft begrenzt und die gewonnenen Veränderungen hinsichtlich der Entzündungsaktivität und der Wechselwirkung mit dem intestinalen Mikrobiom sind nach Ende der EEN ohne Immunmodulation oder wiederholten Einsatz nicht aufrechtzuerhalten. In den letzten Jahren wurden verschiedene Formen der Ernährungstherapie entwickelt, von denen die Crohnʼs Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED) in Kombination mit partieller enteraler Ernährungstherapie (PEN) einen vielversprechenden Ansatz darstellt. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit fasst den aktuellen Wissensstand und die Datenlage zur CDED plus PEN und deren Wirksamkeit zusammen und diskutiert die aktuelle Umsetzung in der klinischen Praxis.
Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (LDp/CDp) is a continuous 24-h subcutaneous infusion therapy for advanced Parkinson’s disease (aPD). Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of LDp/CDp; however, real-world evidence is limited. This retrospective multi-country cohort study used data recorded by AbbVie’s patient support program (PSP) nurses during routine interactions with patients with aPD on LDp/CDp (December 2023–February 2025). Patients were followed until earliest of treatment discontinuation or database lock. Patients who started therapy during the study period were included without a pre-defined follow-up duration or standardized scheduled visits. A total of 2590 patients (38.3
IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized not only by motor symptoms but also by non-motor impairments, including deficits in social cognition (SC), defined as the ability to recognize, interpret, and respond to others’ emotions, intentions, and behaviors. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on SC in PD, focusing on three core aspects: emotion recognition, empathy/Theory of Mind (ToM), and social problem-solving.MethodsWe included 191 behavioral and neuroimaging studies based on a PRISMA-guided search of four databases.ResultsThe literature review findings revealed relatively consistent impairments in the recognition of negative emotions, such as fear and anger, and heterogeneous findings for empathy/ToM, with deficits being more pronounced in advanced PD or in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Social problem-solving remains understudied, though emerging evidence links it to dopaminergic modulation.DiscussionAcross all three aspects, methodological heterogeneity and the scarcity of neuroimaging studies addressing complex SC aspects underscore the need for standardized, multimodal research. Beyond synthesizing the literature, we propose an integrative neurofunctional model of SC in PD that emphasizes its componential nature and highlights the need for future studies to clarify interrelations among SC domains and their neural substrates.
Nutrition plays a central role in the development of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children and adolescents. Nutritional management of IBD is therefore very important, e. g. the successful treatment approach of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in paediatric patients with mild to moderate forms of Crohn's disease. However, the acceptance of EEN by patients and their families is often limited and the effects are not easily sustained. Several nutritional therapies have been developed, of which the Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED) in combination with partial enteral nutrition (PEN) seems to be promising approach.In this review, we summarise the current knowledge and data on CDED plus PEN and its efficacy. We also discuss its implementation in clinical practice.
