Lubbock Christian University (LCU) is a private Christian university associated with the Churches of Christ and located in Lubbock, Texas. Chartered originally as part of a grade school called Lubbock Christian School in 1954, the institution branched off as a junior college – Lubbock Christian College – in 1957. LCC became a senior college in 1972, then advanced to university status in fall of 1987. LCU has 65 undergraduate degrees. A fall 2015 count showed 1,958 students enrolled at Lubbock Christian University, of which 462 were graduate students.
This article examines the interpretation of divine attributes and powers-such as 'my righteousness', 'my salvation', and 'my justice'-as messianic titles in two early receptions of Isaiah: the Qumran Isaiah scroll (1QIsaa) and the Old Greek (OG) translation. Building on John Chamberlain's analysis of 1QIsaa, which identifies personified divine qualities as designations for the servant-messiah, the study argues that the OG translator follows a comparable interpretive trajectory. Through strategies of intertextual alignment, lexical harmonization, and explicitation, the OG aligns these divine functions with the servant figure, treating them as titles that identify him as the agent of God's eschatological purposes. In both corpora, variant pronouns and contextual shifts suggest that what are traditionally read as abstract attributes of God are instead understood as personal names for the servant. Both 1QIsaa and the OG thus reflect an early apocalyptic messianic reconfiguration of Isaiah's theology.
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024575181) was to quantify the relationships between dispositional and situational achievement goal involvement and sport confidence. A secondary purpose was to examine potential moderators of these relationships. Published studies reporting sufficient data, including one achievement goal measure from the dichotomous framework and one measure of sport confidence in an athlete sample, were included. Information sources included EBSCOhost databases, Web of Science databases, and relevant meta-analyses. The random-effects correlational coefficient (r) served as the summary statistic. Thirty-six studies yielding 37 independent samples, published between 1988 and 2026, which met all inclusion criteria, representing a total of 10,461 participants from youth to elite sports across four continents. Meta-analyzed random-effects correlations between task climate (k = 15, r = 0.33 [95% CI 0.23, 0.43]), ego climate (k = 13, r = −0.08 [95% CI −0.16, −0.00]), task orientation (k = 26, r = 0.27 [95% CI 0.21, 0.32]), ego orientation (k = 26, r = 0.11 [95% CI 0.06, 0.17]), and sport confidence ranged from small and negative to medium and positive in magnitude. Mixed-effects moderator analyses revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) for task climate when comparing state (r = 0.24) versus trait (r = 0.41) sport confidence measures, for task orientation scale (TEOSQ r = 0.31 vs. POSQ r = 0.18) in relation to sport confidence, and for study quality (lowest r = 0.35, medium r = 0.18, highest r = 0.24) in the task orientation–sport confidence relationship. However, nearly all prediction intervals for the examined relationships crossed zero, with the exception of a few TEOSQ- and POSQ-based moderator analyses. Thus, researchers and practitioners are cautioned that relationships between dispositional achievement goals, motivational climate perceptions, and sport confidence might be minimal or vary based on the dispositional achievement goal measure.
In schema therapy early adaptive schemas (EASs) and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) have been found to be independent but related constructs. The Young Positive Schema Questionnaire (YPSQ) was developed and validated in English to measure EASs. The present study investigated psychometric properties of the Dutch translation in a representative sample of 650 non-clinical Dutch individuals. Internal consistencies for all scales were assessed to be acceptable to good. The 14-factor model showed an adequate to good fit to the data. Considering the construct validity, the YPSQ-NL scales showed significant positive correlations with the Big 5 personality traits, life-satisfaction, self-esteem and positive affect, and significant negative correlations with negative affect. Incremental validity of EASs over and above EMSs was shown for these same measures, except positive affect. Construct validity with the Young Schema Questionnaire-S3 (YSQ-S3) showed significant negative correlations between the YPSQ-NL scales and YSQ-S3 negative related constructs, except for Healthy Self-interest/Self-care and Self-sacrifice. Directions for future studies, e.g. in clinical samples, are discussed.
Central to schema theory is the idea that schemas can be grouped into domains. The organization of these schemas into domains has clinical importance, but debate persists in the literature. This study uses the Young Positive Schema Questionnaire (YPSQ) to explore the higher-order structure of adaptive schemas, paralleling the literature on maladaptive schema domains. After validating a Dutch version of the YPSQ in a large Flemish emerging adult sample, a four-domain model was compared to a five-domain model. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the 14 adaptive schemas of the YPSQ. Measurement invariance across gender and age groups was confirmed. Discriminant validity (through associations with maladaptive schemas and psychopathology), convergent validity (through associations with well-being measures), and incremental validity (explained variance above and beyond maladaptive schemas) were demonstrated. Both the hypothesized four-domain and five-domain models showed acceptable fit in structural equation modeling, with statistical comparisons favoring the slightly better fit of the four-domain model, as expected. Implications for schema theory and clinical practice are discussed.
