This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of different irrigating solutions, normal saline, povidone-iodine, and chlorhexidine in reducing postoperative sequelae following surgical extraction of mandibular third molars. An electronic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, and EBSCO Host was conducted (Jan 2000–Apr 2024). Included were RCTs and comparative clinical studies. Predictor variables were irrigants: chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, and normal saline. Primary outcomes were pain, swelling, trismus, dry socket, and infection. Odds ratios (OR) and 95
Early distinction between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and possibly malignant disorders (PMDs) has been one of the most important diagnostic issues that may involve invasive biopsies. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the usefulness of salivary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as non-invasive biomarkers of early detection. Spectrophotometry and ELISA were used in analyzing saliva samples of 135 participants (50 OSCC, 45 PMDs, 40 controls). The level of LDH and MMP-9 was much greater in OSCC than in PMDs and controls and demonstrated very high diagnostic accuracy (AUC > 0.89). Simultaneous biomarker measurement had better sensitivity and specificity indicating their possible use as well-grounded, non-invasive measures of screening oral cancer in its early stages.
Oral and maxillofacial (OMF) defects present complex clinical challenges, often requiring advanced reconstructive techniques. Stem-cell-based tissue engineering, particularly using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has emerged as a promising alternative for OMF rehabilitation, offering the potential for tissue regeneration and modulation of healing responses. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies published between 2014 and 2024. Studies included focused on the application of stem cells, scaffolds, and biomaterials in the regeneration of OMF tissues. Eligibility criteria included clinical trials, observational studies, reviews, and case series involving human, animal, or in vitro models related to OMF defects. A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a range of methodologies and stem cell types, such as dental MSCs, adipose-derived stem cells (ADMSCs), and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). Key findings indicate that MSCs, when combined with advanced biomaterials and scaffold technologies, significantly enhance tissue regeneration and functional restoration in OMF reconstruction. However, challenges such as achieving vascularization and long-term viability of engineered tissues, as well as standardization of treatment protocols, remain significant barriers to clinical translation. Stem-cell-based therapies exhibit substantial potential for improving outcomes in OMF reconstruction. Despite promising advancements, further research is necessary to overcome limitations related to tissue integration, clinical translation, and ethical considerations. Optimizing these therapies is crucial for their effective and safe implementation in clinical settings.
Groin node dissection (GND) following uro-gynaecological cancer surgery has a very high incidence of lymphatic complications. These patients often suffer from prolonged wound healing due to high-output lymphatic discharge. Repeated debridement, sclerotherapy, embolisation are among the commonly used alternatives. These approaches tend to scar and obliterate the lymphatic system, leading to secondary lymphoedema.In recent years, there has been an exponential rise in the popularity and success of lymphovenous anastomosis as a prophylactic surgery following nodal dissection. It has been well-documented under the Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach or as afferent lymphovenous anastomoses (LVAs), particularly after axillary lymph node dissection. Prophylactic LVAs in the lower limb following GND are not well explored, let alone managing immediate complications of lymphocele.With our case, we aim to demonstrate that the super-microsurgical procedure of multiple LVAs can be an excellent treatment option for managing high-output lymphatic complications, preventing long-term secondary lymphoedema and ensuring timely completion of adjuvant therapy.
