Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–polyindole (PEDOT–PIn) is a distinguished π-conjugated conducting polymer; however, its inherent brittleness and loosely arranged molecular framework hinder its long-term operational reliability in practical devices. To address these shortcomings, a novel niobium nitride (NbN)–PEDOT–PIn hybrid nanocomposite is synthesized, featuring a mechanically stable three-dimensional network formed by embedding PEDOT–PIn nanostructures within stratified layers of NbN through a controlled oxidative polymerization strategy. This multifunctional material functions both as a high-efficiency electrode for electrochemical energy storage and as an effective catalyst for electrochemical and photocatalytic applications. The hybrid material exhibits outstanding electro catalytic sensitivity toward Fenbendazole (FNB), as assessed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). As an energy storage medium, the NbN–PEDOT–PIn composite enables rapid and reversible ion storage processes, as demonstrated by galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) testing, where the hybrid electrode delivers a high specific capacitance(SC) of 680 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and log–log plot analysis confirms a capacitive contribution exceeding 97
Rare earth hydroxides have attracted growing interest in energy storage research owing to their favourable redox chemistry, multiple accessible oxidation states, and robust electrochemical stability. In this work, gadolinium hydroxide (Gd(OH)3) was prepared by microwave-assisted approach and evaluated as an electrode material for supercapacitor. Crystallographic and morphological studies confirmed the successful formation of crystalline hydroxide with a nanorod-like hierarchical morphology. The electrochemical behaviour of the prepared material was investigated, revealing a high specific capacitance of 894 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the practical applicability of the synthesized Gd(OH)3 was demonstrated by assembling an asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor device, which delivered an energy density of 16 Wh kg−1and a power density of 2000 W kg−1, along with excellent cycling stability. These results highlight the strong potential of Gd(OH)3 as a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.
Gliomas are heterogeneous brain tumors with variable biology and treatment response. Accurate, non-invasive assessment of tumor aggressiveness is essential for prognosis and treatment planning. Conventional machine learning (ML) approaches typically frame glioma grading as a discrete classification task, which may overlook substantial intra-grade heterogeneity. This pilot study explores a regression-based framework to derive a continuous imaging-derived severity score, providing a relative assessment of tumor aggressiveness anchored to, but not redefining, established WHO grades. 36 glioma patients (low-grade glioma; LGG: 58.33
Food-derived biomass residue, such as jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) peel, offers a sustainable and abundant feedstock for clean energy production due to its high volatile content and continuous generation. Also, the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) presents an environmentally sound and efficient pathway for converting high-moisture biomass into hydrogen-rich syngas while minimizing solid residues and tar. This study investigates the SCWG performance of jackfruit peel at 300, 450, and 600 °C under 25 MPa for 30 min and evaluates the effect of a multifunctional Mo–Cu@N-biochar–LaFeO3 catalyst at 5, 10, and 15 wt Hydrogen generation via SCWG of waste as a green energy route. Studied 300–600 °C and 5–15 wt
The increasing importance of sustainability and circular economy practices in supply chains is driven by the implementation of a variety of regulations worldwide. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) policies are being established in the packaging sector to hold producers accountable for their packaging. These policies promote proper waste management through strategies such as reuse, remanufacturing, recycling, and energy recovery. We have developed a model to compare different national EPR policies in the packaging sector. By incorporating specific constraints that reflect the different aspects of EPR policies, the model compares the policies of several countries, including Colombia, Chile, Spain, and Belgium. In addition, we propose algorithms to estimate the minimum penalty thresholds that incentivize compliance with the recovery and collection targets for packaging waste. Our findings reveal various impacts on economic sustainability depending on the implementation of each policy and the outcomes of compliance with EPR policies in this context to achieve proper packaging waste management.
