This study proposes and validates an integrated model explaining how perceptual experiences - cognitive, emotional, functional, and hedonic - drive business tourists' symbolic experience in Santiago de Chile and Mexico City. Using qualitative interviews and a sample of 1801 executives, factor analysis and structural equation modelling were applied. Results demonstrate that cognition strongly influences both functional and hedonic experiences; emotion enhances them; functional and hedonic experiences explain the symbolic experience; and perceived quality, loyalty, and gender moderate the main pathways. This research holds significant relevance for urban tourism and tourist cities, as it offers public and private stakeholders concrete tools to design segmented marketing strategies, optimise infrastructure and services, and create multi-sensory experiences that generate an emotional and symbolic bond. This, in turn, fosters long-term loyalty and economic growth, solidifying these cities as important business destinations. In essence, the study enables tourist cities to evolve from mere transit points into destinations with deep and lasting meaning for their visitors. This study makes an original and significant contribution to urban tourism by proposing and validating an integrated model that unravels the causal mechanisms between perceptual experiences (cognitive, emotional, functional, hedonic) and the construction of symbolic value for business tourists. Its novelty lies in specifying how cognition and emotion shape these experiences, and how perceived quality and loyalty act as key moderators. Furthermore, it uncovers gender-based moderation and suggests underlying psychological mechanisms, thereby providing a profound understanding for urban destinations to evolve from mere transit points into places with enduring meaning for their visitors.
We investigate the dynamic magnetic response of planar ferromagnetic nanostructures with wire-ring morphology using micromagnetic simulations. By systematically varying the inner ring diameter and thickness, we analyze how geometric confinement governs the accessibility of stable and metastable magnetic states and shapes the spin-wave spectra. The equilibrium configurations are found to depend strongly on the relaxation pathway, giving rise to bistability for intermediate ring diameters. Dynamic susceptibility calculations under microwave excitation reveal distinct resonance spectra associated with low- and high-energy magnetic states, which we classify in terms of two energy-evolution paths. Spatial Fourier analysis of the out-of-plane magnetization identifies wire-like, ring-localized, and hybrid spin-wave modes, whose localization and spectral complexity are controlled by geometry. Our results demonstrate that planar wire-ring nanostructures offer a versatile platform for tailoring spin-wave excitations through geometric design, with potential implications for reconfigurable magnonic and spintronic devices.
The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) is a widely used benchmarking tool for assessing national logistics capabilities. However, its role in sustainability-oriented research remains unclear. This study reconceptualizes the LPI as a multidimensional analytical framework for examining the structural associations between logistics performance and sustainability outcomes. Using cross-country data from 2023, the analysis evaluates the alignment of the six disaggregated LPI dimensions with economic (GDP per capita), social (Human Development Index), and environmental (CO2 emissions) indicators across approximately 120 countries. The analysis applies an integrated framework combining linear models, ensemble learning techniques, explainable artificial intelligence (SHAP), and clustering analysis to assess the consistency and interpretability of these relationships. The results indicate that logistics performance is more strongly aligned with economic and social outcomes than with environmental indicators. Infrastructure quality, tracking and tracing, and timeliness emerge as key logistics dimensions associated with higher income levels and human development. In contrast, the moderate alignment observed for CO2-related outcomes highlights the influence of broader structural factors, such as energy systems and industrial composition, beyond logistics performance. Clustering analysis further reveals distinct logistics-environmental configurations, underscoring substantial heterogeneity in sustainability trajectories among countries with similar logistics capabilities. Overall, these findings establish the LPI as a system-level lens for diagnosing logistics-sustainability relationships and for designing context-sensitive policies aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDGs 8, 9, 11, and 13.
The Sustainable Development Goals address two critical issues: global warming and malnutrition. Global warming has had a significant negative impact on the quality of life and the efficiency of various productive sectors. On the other hand, undernutrition affects 9.2 ε -constraint multi-objective approach, where CO_2 -eq emissions are minimized and operational compatibility across dietary profiles is enforced as a constraint. The model integrates nutritional requirements, operational constraints, cultural acceptability, and budget limitations. A real-world case study based on a large public university in Latin America illustrates the applicability of the proposed framework. The results show CO_2 -eq emission reductions ranging from approximately 38
This article examines the presence of mathematical talent in kindergarten children identified with intellectual precocity. Within the field of high abilities, intellectual precocity is understood as an early manifestation of above-average cognitive development, whereas mathematical talent is conceived as a specific competence expressed through outstanding mathematical reasoning and performance. From this perspective, the study explores whether children previously identified as intellectually precocious also demonstrate high levels of mathematical competence in early childhood. The theoretical framework emphasizes that mathematical talent is a complex construct that cannot be reduced to school achievement alone. It involves cognitive ability, abstraction, flexibility, creativity, problem solving, and early sensitivity to numerical and logical relationships. The authors underline the relevance of identifying mathematical talent in preschool years, since this stage offers important opportunities for stimulation and intervention. At the same time, they note that early identification is difficult because many traditional measures fail to capture the diversity and specificity of young children's mathematical thinking. The study is part of a broader longitudinal investigation on intellectual precocity in children from the Valparaiso region of Chile. The research design is exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-experimental. From an initial sample of 787 preschool children, 116 were identified by parents and teachers as showing characteristics associated with intellectual precocity. After the selection process, the final sample for this phase consisted of 54 kindergarten children. To evaluate their mathematical performance, the researchers applied the Test of Early Mathematics Ability (TEMA-3), an instrument that assesses both informal and formal mathematical skills and yields a Mathematical Competence Index adjusted to age norms. The results show that mathematical competence among these children is not uniform. Although the group mean was above the normative average, individual scores varied considerably. In distributional terms, 17% of the children were classified at a very superior level, 9% at a superior level, 17% above average, 48% at an average level, 7% below average, and 2% at a poor level. These findings indicate that identification with intellectual precocity does not automatically imply equally high mathematical talent in all cases. Rather, the results confirm the heterogeneous nature of early development and the need to distinguish between general cognitive precocity and specific domain performance in assessment processes. The study also found differences associated with sex and school administrative dependency. Boys obtained higher average scores than girls in overall mathematical competence as well as in informal and formal mathematics, whereas girls showed less variability in their results. In relation to school type, children attending municipal schools obtained the lowest scores, while those in private schools achieved the highest averages, and those in subsidized private schools showed the greatest dispersion. These differences suggest that contextual and educational factors may influence the development and expression of mathematical abilities. In conclusion, the article argues that mathematical talent in intellectually precocious children is heterogeneous and shaped by individual and contextual variables. It highlights the importance of early and multidimensional assessment processes that make it possible to identify specific talents and provide timely educational support.
