The Mexican Institute of Social Security (Spanish: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS) is a governmental organization that assists public health, pensions and social security in Mexico operating under the Secretariat of Health. It also forms an integral part of the Mexican healthcare system.
Onychomycosis is hard to eradicate because the nail unit limits transungual drug delivery. A recalcitrant phenotype involves compact subungual fungal masses (dermatophytoma or fungal conglomerate), reported with dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte molds. We systematically reviewed treatment outcomes, emphasizing debulking and combination therapy. Evidence is mainly case reports and small cohorts with heterogeneous diagnostics, regimens, and outcome definitions. Debulking was commonly used via chemical keratolysis (e.g., urea) and/or physical methods (e.g., debridement, curettage, drilling, partial avulsion). Debulking may improve response by reducing compact fungal burden and facilitating antifungal access. However, comparative studies with standardized definitions, mycologic confirmation, and meaningful endpoints are needed to define optimal debulking strategies and therapeutic combinations.
En este ensayo se hace una interpretación filosófica del reciente movimiento #YoSoy132. Se argumenta que el hashtag es un ejemplo significativo de la “veridicción” política contemporánea, lo cual supone comprender el proceso constitutivo de las movilizaciones sociales en México. Mediante un análisis pragmático del discurso se defiende que la singularidad de #YoSoy132 no reside exclusivamente en su crítica de los medios de comunicación, sino en sus actos civiles que realizan performativamente una problematización de la democracia contemporánea. Estos actos, se defenderá, extienden el significado de la democracia. El ensayo analiza las condiciones globales de emergencia de este movimiento civil, para finalmente argumentar que el hashtag debe entenderse como un ejercicio de la parrhesía, cuya genealogía antigua fue estudiada por Michel Foucault en sus cursos de 1982-1984. En estas páginas también se discute, además del citado filósofo francés, con la filosofía política de Arendt, Butler y Derrida, entre otros.
This study applied statistical shape modeling to 284 DXA hip scans from Mexican women, identifying proximal femur morphotypes characterized by long, narrow necks and valgus orientation. These shape patterns showed directionally lower regional BMD in vulnerable areas, although associations were modest. The findings describe femoral configurations that resemble those previously associated with fracture risk in international cohorts, supporting the potential role of morphometric analysis as a complementary, population-specific approach to skeletal fragility assessment.PurposeHip fractures are a major cause of disability and mortality in older adults, particularly among women with osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) is a cornerstone of fracture risk assessment but does not fully capture biomechanical and structural vulnerability. This study is aimed at characterizing proximal femur morphology in Mexican women using statistical shape modeling and at examining its relationship with regional BMD.MethodsIn this exploratory cross-sectional analysis, 284 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) hip scans were processed with BoneFinder software to generate morphometric profiles. Active Shape Models (ASM) identified the main modes of shape variation, which were analyzed in relation to site-specific BMD.ResultsSeventeen femoral configurations were identified, with three representative morphotypes: long, narrow necks with valgus alignment, short and wide necks, and intermediate morphologies. Shape patterns characterized by long, narrow, valgus-oriented femoral necks showed directionally lower regional BMD in the superior neck and Ward's triangle-sites critical for fracture initiation-although associations were modest in regression analyses. Automated morphometry identified structural traits linked to mechanical disadvantage beyond traditional cortical indices.ConclusionThis is the first study to apply statistical shape modeling to Latin American women, identifying recurring femoral shape patterns that resemble morphologies previously associated with fracture risk in international cohorts. While prospective validation with fracture outcomes is needed, this exploratory study provides foundational evidence for anatomically informed, population-specific approaches to skeletal fragility assessment.
Background: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a prevalent inflammatory disease worldwide, characterized by the destruction of periodontal tissue due to an immune response triggered by periodontopathogenic bacteria and the prolonged release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess ROS leads to tissue damage through mechanisms such as lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative and genotoxic damage by quantifying 8-hydroxy-2-deoxiguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nuclear abnormalities (NAs) in individuals with CP. Methods: The participants were divided into a CP group (n = 30) and a control group without CP (n = 30). Saliva was collected to quantify 8-OHdG (via ELISA) and MDA (via spectrophotometry). Buccal mucosa samples were collected to assess NAs. Periodontal parameters, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP), were recorded. Results: The levels of 8-OHdG and MDA were significantly higher in the CP group. NAs were also significantly increased. Positive correlations were observed between 8-OHdG, MDA levels and NAs with clinical parameters. Conclusions: The elevated levels of 8-OHdG, MDA and NAs reflect oxidative and genotoxic damage correlated with CP severity. These biomarkers could complement diagnosis, monitor progression, and assess treatment efficacy. Their elevation may also indicate increased systemic disease risk.
BackgroundWest Nile virus (WNV) is primarily transmitted by the bite of Culex mosquitoes, but other mechanisms, such as blood transfusion, have also been described. Since its identification in the Americas in 1999, WNV has circulated consistently in the United States of America (USA); however, although WNV has been detected in humans in South America, no major outbreaks have occurred in more than 20 years. One of the hypotheses to explain this difference is the underdiagnosis of the infection. In Mexico, nine isolated cases have been officially reported since 2003 despite its proximity to the USA. In this study, we aim to demonstrate the circulation of WNV in blood donors from a northern border city of Mexico.MethodsBetween August and September of 2023, 86 serum samples from volunteer blood donors were collected to determine anti-WNV Immunoglobulin (Ig) G using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. In a subgroup of 44 samples, anti-WNV IgM was determined. To corroborate the IgM results, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) were performed to determine RNA of WNV, Dengue and Zika. The participants were questioned about the history of travel to the USA; all of them were residents of the city of Nogales, Sonora, located on the border with the state of Arizona. For the comparison of seronegative and seropositive donor groups, the Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. Additionally, a spatial analysis of seropositive cases was conducted.ResultsOne sample was reactive to anti-WNV IgM and IgG; however, all NAAT results were negative. In addition, 19 samples were reactive for IgG, and no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Seropositive cases showed a geographic pattern of clustering on the outskirts of the city, in areas with low population density.ConclusionsOur results strongly suggest recent WNV circulation among residents from the northern border of Mexico. The lack of differences regarding the history and frequency of travel to the USA suggests that contact with the virus occurs in Mexico and that the low reported circulation in the region represents an underdiagnosis of the disease.
