Toxic damage to the liver and pancreas caused by poisoning with rodenticides (rat poisons) is a serious problem in clinical toxicology. Rodenticides can cause not only blood clotting disorders, but also have a direct cytotoxic effect on hepatocytes and cells of pancreatic islets of the pancreas. Laboratory hepatotoxicity manifests itself in the form of increased levels of hepatic transaminases, indirect fractions of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. In severe cases, massive liver necrosis and acute liver failure may develop, characterized by impaired protein synthesis and detoxification functions of the liver, hepatic encephalopathy and cerebral edema. Pancreatopathy that occurs with rodenticide poisoning is laboratory manifested as an increase in serum amylase and lipase levels, and clinically as a Mondor triad: intense shingling pain in the epigastrium, repeated vomiting that does not bring relief, and abdominal distension in the epigastrium. Treatment of toxic hepato-pancreatopathy in case of rodenticide poisoning includes antidote therapy (vitamin K1 analogues – phytomenadion or phylloquinone), nonspecific detoxification, correction of hemodynamic disorders, as well as supportive therapy.
The article examines the results of the parliamentary elections in Moldavia and their impact on the post-election situation in the country and on the geopolitical situation in the region. The elections are highly likely to become an event after which Moldavia will finally, despite its neutral status, enter the sphere of influence not only of the EU, but also of NATO. This will be accompanied by further militarization of the republic, an escalation of the policy of forced integration of Transnistria and a gradual erosion of the autonomous status of Gagauzia. Such actions could dramatically increase tensions in an already turbulent region.
