The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA; Russian: Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации, РАНХиГС) is a federal state-funded institution of higher education located in Moscow, Russia.With the merger of ANE, RAPA, 12 other regional civil service academies in 2010, the newly formed Russian Presidential Academy became one of the larger socioeconomic and humanities universities in Russia and Europe.The Academy consists of 22 faculties, had 55 branches, and includes the Graduate School of Corporate Management (President – acad. Abel Aganbegyan) and delivers professional degree programs including 113 bachelor’s programs, 11 specialist programs, nearly 150 master’s programs and 7 vocational/associate degree programs. It is a Consultative body under the Government of Russian Federation.
Context and relevance..One of the rapidly developing directions in contemporary cognitive psychology is the study of mental models, understood as structured sets of beliefs underlying thinking and decision-making. Objective. The aim of this article is to review experimental studies of mental models that employ the reaction time analysisand to develop a framework for preparing, designing, and conducting studies using this method in new domains. Methods and materials. The paper presents an analytical review of key experimental studies in which reaction time is used as an indicator of cognitive processing. Particular attention is paid to the cognitive conflict between intuitive and scientific knowledge. This conflict manifests itself in increased reaction times and a higher number of errors when participants evaluate incongruent statements. Results. The review examines key factors influencing the resolution of this conflict, including level of education, scientific expertise, age, cognitive reflection, and everyday perceptual experience. Major experimental effects related to the coexistence of intuitive and scientific knowledge are described, including their evolutionary, cultural, and individual sources. The paper also discusses theoretical explanations for the persistence of intuitive beliefs and the mechanisms of cognitive control that suppress them. In addition, a research plan is proposed that includes stages of stimulus preparation, experimental procedure, and data analysis. Conclusions. The results highlight the importance of reaction time analysis as a method for studying the coexistence of intuitive and scientific knowledge and open new prospects for research within dual-process theories.
Digital transformation processes associated with the implementation of digital tools, platforms, and technologies cover various areas of life. This article analyzes the problem of forming digital trust, which underlies the receipt of public services in electronic format. Based on the analysis of existing approaches, the authors offer their understanding of this phenomenon as a socio-psychological attitude underlying the behavior of an individual in the digital environment. A review of existing approaches to digital trust allowed us to describe variants of digital trust that can represent a level structure: unconscious distrust, conscious distrust, conscious trust, and unconscious (unconditional) trust. The article proposes a three-dimensional model of digital trust based on trust, awareness, and activity. This model allows us to identify the level of digital trust that is most favorable for the implementation of digital transformation processes in society and the development of the digital economy. Digital trust, as a factor that ensures the quality of interaction between various actors in the digital environment, that is, states, international organizations, civil society institutions, businesses, and citizens, requires the close attention of researchers working at the intersection of such scientific fields as mathematics, psychology, sociology, and law.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the assortment of the «Potato Products» category and identify the product range policies of the surveyed stores within this category. It has been found that the potato product assortment is characterized by a limited variety of types and extensive brand diversity, as well as high stability, especially in the stores’ sales areas, moderate or low innovation and harmony, and moderate rationality. The extensive product range allows it to be identified as a diversified one. It has been determined that, in terms of the number of product types, chips with flavor additives dominate the product range structure. The main and general direction of the assortment policy of all surveyed stores in the «Potato Products» category is expanding the product range.
The article is devoted to the consideration of the scientific and technological factor determining the dynamics of the modern cultural sphere and its humanitarian problems. It is shown that the dialectic of life and cognitive strategies of modern humanity, the prospects and horizons of the future, are determined under the direct influence of science and STS, nano-, biotechnologies. The problematic conceptualization of the research is achieved in the context of the “biosphere compatibility” paradigm, since it considers the processes of interaction of social, industrial, infrastructural and natural spheres of life in the context of the unity of the biosphere. Due to the inconsistency and ambiguity of the scientific and technological factor, the necessity of observing ethical mechanisms for regulating its development in vital areas of society is substantiated. It is noted that in the modern scientific and technological sphere, the leading role belongs to information and nano-biotechnologies, the qualitative characteristics of which are universal dissemination in culture and social practices, as well as the ability to construct the subject-material sphere through operational manipulations (both with the units of the “physical world” and with the so-called “abstract fictions”). It is concluded that modern culture is in a state of changing the value and worldview paradigm, which is largely related to the transformation of modern human consciousness under the influence of information and network processes.
This article examines the methodological foundations for ensuring the economic security of tolling raw material operations in organizing contract manufacturing of garments on the basis of penal system institutions. It is argued that the development of cooperative production models based on the transfer of customer-owned raw materials for processing creates additional opportunities for the penal system’s production sector to increase capacity utilization, expand inmate employment, and generate extra-budgetary income. At the same time, the tolling scheme is accompanied by a set of specific economic risks related to material flow management, control of consumption rates, preservation of raw materials, allocation of responsibilities between the parties, cost estimation, and loss prevention. A methodological approach to ensuring the economic security of such operations is proposed, including risk identification, the formation of a system of control indicators, regulation of material flows, digital traceability of raw materials and finished products, and organization of internal control at all stages of the production cycle. It is concluded that the use of a risk-based management system for tolling raw material operations makes it possible to increase the sustainability of garment contract manufacturing in penal institutions and ensure a balance between economic, production, and social goals.
