Moscow State Linguistic University

The relevance of the topic lies in the increasing role of nuclear weapons in international relations, both as a political and military tool and as a means of exerting influence and engaging in confrontation. It also lies in the erosion of the legal regime for the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. Türkiye, while officially a non-nuclear state, is a NATO member and has nuclear weapons and missile defense radars on its territory. This article aims to explore Ankara’s policy and its prospects in the field of nuclear non-proliferation (NWF). The scientific novelty of the study is to examine the historical foundations of Turkish nuclear defense policy, to identify a set of factors influencing Ankara’s policy, and to identify its three main areas - tactical nuclear weapons, the American/European missile defense system, and the peaceful atom. The scientific problem is considered within the framework of neorealism based on the problem-chronological approach, the principles of dialectics, objectivity, and the historiographical tradition. Traditional historical methods, such as retrospective, concrete historical, and comparative historical methods, were employed. It is concluded that at present time, the issue of Türkiye’s official launch of its own nuclear program is not on the agenda, as it may provoke a regional arms race, in which Türkiye will be in a position of catching up with regional actors such as Iran and Israel. In this regard, Türkiye is interested in preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons and, in general, adheres to the nuclear non-proliferation regime, having signed international treaties in this area. At the same time, Türkiye is an important element of the NATO collective security system, and its position on the issue of nuclear weapons largely depends on its membership in this organization.

Introduction. The article provides an answer to the question of why infrastructure resources and trade and transport facilities have become one of the most important priorities of American foreign policy towards the Western Hemisphere in 2025? Materials and methods. The study focuses on the dramatic process of implementing the coercive diplomacy of the American political class in relation to the Panama Canal. Results and discussion. To better understand why the Panama Canal found itself at the center of the geopolitical discussion initiated by the new administration of President Donald Trump the authors turned to the cognitive potential of transit geopolitics. Conclusion. It demonstrates what political interests and what selfish incentives fuel the US coercive policy towards Chinese positions in the Western Hemisphere.

Reggaeton, born at the crossroads of Caribbean and Afro-Latin traditions, has become in contemporary Latin American cultural space not only a musical genre but also a social phenomenon through which the values and meanings of a new youth identity are articulated. In the Colombian context, this genre acquires a particular significance: it is in Medellín that a local school of reggaeton emerges, combining street culture, global media, and traditional cultural codes. Maluma’s work allows us to consider reggaeton as a «discourse of identity», where three cultural layers intersect: the Latin American (hybridity, mestizaje, carnivalesque spirit, machismo), the Colombian (the experience of la violencia, parlache slang, social polarization), and the youth (openness to globalization, code-switching, pop culture aesthetics). These levels create a complex and multilayered system in which linguistic and stylistic devices become cultural markers. The use of excessively familiar and diminutive terms of address, metaphors and hyperboles, code-switching, themes of corporality and festivity constructs a space of «everyday carnival», where traditional Catholic morality and patriarchal models are inverted, giving way to a culture of pleasure, freedom, and emotional sincerity. Maluma’s reggaeton functions as a cultural compass that signals the transition of Colombian youth from traditional identities towards a hybrid and globalized model of self-expression. Thus, the study of Maluma’s song discourse reveals reggaeton not only as a musical practice but also as a reflection of the profound sociocultural processes of Latin America, where contemporary Colombian, and more broadly, Latin American youth identity is being shaped.

Institutionalized religion has been the basis for Russia's self-definition at both the state and national levels since its introduction in Rus' by Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich in the late 10th century. Since the early 1990s, following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the introduction of religious freedom, there has been a significant increase in religiosity in Russia, and, consequently, a growing demand for the study of various social issues related to faith. The phenomenon of conciliarity gained prominence in the early 21st century due to the development of Russian philosophical discourse around Orthodoxy as the bearer of a unique Russian ideology based on collectivism, humility, and the primacy of religious values. The purpose of this article is to systematize and analyze the main theoretical approaches to understanding conciliarity and apply a sociological lens to examining the problem of socialunity and the formation of mutual aid networks based on religious communities. Theological and philosophical approaches to defining conciliarity, as well as classical and contemporary sociological theories describing the characteristics of people's religious behavior, are considered.

The article envisages the stylistic, rhetoric and cognitive analysis of contemporary political French polycode media texts within linguistic research of political discourse as exemplified in L’Humanité newspaper that is considered to be one of the most famous and distinguished periodicals in France. The paper considers diverse peculiarities of implementing various stylistic devices in french polycode media text that serves as the object of research. The urgency of the research is outlined by the undying interest towards the range of issues related to African studies in modern humanities. It is also being mentioned that nowadays political media rhetorics as a new branch of humanities permits to undertake diverse types of linguistic analysis. It is attempted to illustrate that by using such special figure of speech as metaphor, especially antropomorphical type of it, high stylistic and communicative potential of French polycode media texts could be revealed so that inhabitants of Francophone and French-speaking states could deeply analyze the current political and social context. The practical significance of the article represents the possibility of implementing the analyzed exemples of language units within the preparation of such courses as political mediarhetoric and contrastive phraseology while teaching the French language at Universities to students of linguistics, media linguistics, foreign journalism and diplomacy.