The Museum of Arts and Design (MAD), based in Manhattan, New York City, collects, displays, and interprets objects that document contemporary and historic innovation in craft, art, and design. In its exhibitions and educational programs, the Museum celebrates the creative process through which materials are crafted into works that enhance contemporary life..
During the two Cryogenian snowball Earth glaciations, the Sturtian (ca. 717-658 Ma) and Marinoan (ca. 639-635 Ma), ice persisted in the tropics for millions of years. Previous analyses of varves deposited before and after these glaciations have revealed climate variability linked to solar, oceanic, and atmospheric dynamics. However, to our knowledge, no evidence of sub-Milankovitch scale climatic variability has been documented during the glaciations themselves. The proposition of reduced solar luminosity in the Cryogenian, an attenuated hydrological cycle, and an expected hiatus in atmosphere-ocean interactions due to ocean freezing, raises questions regarding whether solar-ocean-atmospheric interactions continued during these glaciations. We analyze a unit of 2,640 laminites within the Sturtian Port Askaig Formation on the Garvellach Islands, Scotland, to better understand climate variability during a discrete interval of the Sturtian. Our study indicates the laminites most likely represent annual varves, reflecting seasonal freeze-thaw cycles in a deep, quiescent waterbody. Spectral analysis of laminae thickness reveals decadal and centennial periodicities consistent with present-day Schwabe and Gleissberg solar cycles, alongside interannual periodicities, likely tied to ocean-atmospheric climate modes, resembling the modern El-Nino Southern Oscillation. Our coupled Cryogenian climate simulations under varying degrees of ice coverage produce similar interannual periodicities in surface temperatures near the paleo-coordinates of the Garvellach Islands and in the tropics. This evidence reveals that solar-oceanatmospheric interactions generated a wider range of climatic variability than expected during snowball Earth and hints at the possibility of transient unfrozen tropical waters during the Sturtian, or other yet unexplored modes of internal climate variability.
Büyük dil modelleri (BDM) üzerine yapılan ince ayar yatırımları, son yıllarda kurumların yapay zeka stratejilerinin merkezine yerleşmiştir. Bu çalışma, ince ayar konfigürasyonu seçimini salt teknik bir tercih olarak değil, sermaye kısıtlı ortamlarda geri dönülemez yatırım kararı olarak modellemekte ve gerçek opsiyonlar teorisi ile portföy verimlilik sınırı çerçevesini entegre eden bir karar mimarisi önermektedir. Önermeler, Qwen3.5 model ailesi üzerinde dört eksiksiz ince ayar koşusuyla ampirik olarak illüstre edilmiştir. Bulgular, Qwen3.5-9B konfigürasyonunun verimlilik sınırı üzerinde optimal durdurma noktasını oluşturduğunu göstermektedir.
Introduction: Healthcare workers face a myriad of distinct risks in the healthcare settings. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) training and OSH communication are essential for attaining and changing the safety climate. This study sought to examine the direct effect of OSH training on safety climate, examine the mediating role of OSH communication and explore the interrelationships among OSH training, OSH communication, and safety climate in the healthcare setting. Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving 250 health professionals (doctors, nurses and technical staff) was conducted using structured questionnaire on perception of OSH training, OSH communication and safety climate. Data were analyzed to conduct impact, correlation, and mediation analysis for the relationships among these variables using Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) and SPSS software tools. Results: The results showed that OSH training directly and positively influences OSH communication (β =0.54) and safety climate (β =0.52), and OSH communication has a significant positive effect on the safety climate (β =0.25). Mediation analysis revealed that OSH communication partially mediates the relationship between OSH training and safety climate, indicating that OSH training becomes more effective when it is combined with well-defined and consistent communication about safety issues within organizational context. Conclusion: The results support that vital OSH training initiatives combined with a strategic OSH communication program may help to foster a favorable safety climate in healthcare. The dual impact of training and communication elucidated in this study provides potential practical significance for hospital administrators seeking to improve the culture of safety while preventing occupational risks. Keywords: healthcare setting, mediation analysis, occupational safety and health, safety climate, structural equation modeling (SEM)
The Cryogenian ‘Sturtian’ snowball Earth glaciation ( c. 717–658 Ma) likely had a major role in shaping continental landscapes and biotic radiations of the late Neoproterozoic Era. However, an incomplete sedimentary record and inadequate syn-glacial age constraints make Cryogenian studies challenging. We present detrital zircon U–Pb ages for >2000 zircons from 11 sandstone samples taken at <200 m stratigraphic resolution throughout the Port Askaig Formation, a c. 1.1 km thick glaciogenic succession within the Dalradian Supergroup of Scotland and Ireland. Eight new maximum depositional age constraints, including a key constraint on deglaciation (<662.7 ± 7.8 Ma), support lithostratigraphic and stable isotope evidence that suggests the Port Askaig Formation preserves a relatively complete record of the global ‘Sturtian’ glaciation. An increasing contribution from Archean and Paleoproterozoic detritus to the sandstones through the lower c. 500 m of the Port Askaig Formation likely reflects the progressive glacial unroofing of the previously buried Lewisian Gneiss terrane. Archean and Paleoproterozoic grains then become scarce in the uppermost c. 300 m of the formation, which we attribute to glacial modification of the Laurentian continental margin landscape during the waning stage of ‘Sturtian’ glaciation. The disruption to sediment transport pathways caused by this modification, and evidenced by the detrital zircon data, points to partially warm-based ‘Sturtian’ ice sheets that were, to some degree, dynamic.
Abstract Objective Pregnancy is often associated with changes in the psychological functioning of women. The present study aimed to analyze the incidence of health problems in pregnant mothers and the influence of these problems on their daily functioning using a survey. Material and methods The study included a total of 232 women aged 19–42 years. The tools used in the study were a self-developed questionnaire and the NHP questionnaire. The study was performed among women with pathological pregnancies and healthy pregnancies who delivered. Women with pathological pregnancies had pregnancy-induced hypertension, fetal hypotrophy, cholestasis, or gestational diabetes mellitus. Women with healthy pregnancies were recruited from the hospital ambulatory and cooperating private practices or during admission for delivery. Results Group K had significantly lowest “TOTAL” intensity in relation to the other groups. For variable “PROBLEMS,” a statistically significant difference was found between group K and group P (p=.001) and between group D and group P Conclusions Every woman may experience a different level of satisfaction with life during pregnancy. This is typically determined by the personality of the given individual, as well as by pregnancy-associated emotions. It is important that health care personnel should provide psychological support and follow individual approach for each pregnant woman.
