The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of immunotropic drugs – sodium nucleinate and ribotan – on metabolic processes and key immune indicators in cows after calving. Immunotropic drugs had no significant effect on body temperature, arterial pulse or respiratory rate. Sodium nucleinate and ribotan significantly increased the content of total protein in the blood serum of cows by 2.70 and 2.90 g/l (P<0.05), respectively, albumin - by 1.30 and 1.50 g/l (P<0.05), gamma globulins - by 1.80 and 2.0 g/l (P<0.05), glucose - by 0.20 and 0.25 mmol/l (P<0.05), total calcium - by 7.14 and 9.24% (P<0.05), inorganic phosphorus - by 14.0 and 18.66% (P<0.05), the number of leukocytes - by 8.98 and 12.35% (P<0.05), the relative number of eosinophils - by 0.60 and 0.90% (P<0.05), segmented neutrophils – by 1.2 and 1.0% (P<0.05), lymphocytes – by 1.0 and 1.50% (P<0.05), monocytes – by 0.30 and 0.10% (P<0.05), as well as the levels of bactericidal activity of blood serum – by 3.70 and 4.30% (P<0.05), lysozyme activity of blood serum – by 1.40 and 2.40% (P<0.05), phagocytic activity of neutrophils – by 1.90 and 3.70% (P<0.05) and phagocytic index – by 13.84 and 21.53% (P<0.05). Thus, sodium nucleinate and ribotan, injected into cows before calving, improve protein, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism, and stimulate the cellular and humoral components of the immune system and nonspecific resistance of fresh cows.
The results of the study demonstrate the high efficacy of the combination of trazodone succinate and gabapentin in improving the quality of life of dogs suffering from osteoarthritis. An assessment of the dynamics of motor and play activity and emotional state of the animals showed clinically and statistically significant improvements as early as the fourth day of Trazapentin® administration. Continuation of therapy for two weeks did not lead to the development of any adverse effects, indicating a good safety profile of the drug.
The pigment composition of the leaf apparatus of the Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco has been studied during its introduction to the territory of the Russian Federation (the Nizhny Novgorod Region) and the Republic of Kazakhstan (the Almaty Region). The relevance of the work is determined by the need to improve the range of urban green spaces. Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco is in high demand in this context. The object of the study has been its same-aged individuals of seed origin, planted in areas with coordinates 56°14'30'' N 43°57'16'' E (Russia) and 43°14'31'' N, 76°57'7'' E (Kazakhstan), thus the difference in geographical latitude has been 12°59'59'' N, and in longitude – 33°0'51'' E. The subject of the study has been the territorial variability of the content and ratio of plastid pigments of 1-year-old needles simultaneously sampled in the specified locations. The spectrophotometric method has been used in the work. The reaction of the pigment composition of the needles to changes in the growth conditions of introduced species in geographically separated areas has been established. The chlorophyll content varies and is higher in the Kazakh location than in the Russian one. The concentration of carotenoids has varied to a lesser extent, and in the Kazakh location (0.30±0.016 mg/g) it has been lower than in the Russian one (0.34±0.006 mg/g). One-way ANOVA has revealed a significant difference in the pigment composition of the needles of biota individuals. The coefficient of heritability in the Kazakh site has ranged from 32.50±13.50 % for the carotenoid content to 69.30±6.14 % for the proportion of chlorophyll-b in the total pigment composition; in the Russian site – from 40.64±11.87 % for the carotenoid content to 79.59±4.08 % for the ratio of the carotenoid content to the total chlorophyll content. Two-way ANOVA has confirmed the statistical significance of the differentiating effect of differences in forest growth conditions of the sites of settlement of introduced species on the formation of the general background of phenotypic dispersion of the pigment composition of their needles. The highest estimates of the indicated effect (85.25±0.37 %) have been achieved for the proportion of chlorophyll-b in the pigment composition, the lowest (9.19±2.27 %) – for the content of carotenoids. The influence of individual variability of individuals in each of the sites is less, and its estimates have more often not been statistically confirmed: from 4.61±9.54 % (the proportion of chlorophyll-a in the total pigment composition) to 27.83±7.22 % (the content of chlorophyll-a). Changes in the growth conditions of biota individuals associated with their placement in different areas have caused a decrease in the concentration of chlorophylls and an increase in the content of carotenoids in their needles in the Russian location.
The present study provides compelling evidence that the use of the drug Trazapentine® for 14 days in the perioperative period in dogs with soft tissue neoplasms is a highly effective and safe strategy for significantly improving quality of life. An excellent safety profile, confirmed by the absence of adverse reactions, withdrawal syndrome, and systemic changes, makes this approach highly applicable for integration into standard protocols for the management of surgical patients with soft tissue neoplasms.
The results of the conducted study demonstrate the high efficacy and safety of the unique combined drug Trazapentin® (gabapentin and succinate trazodone) on the market for the control of feline idiopathic cystitis and prevention of its relapses. Analysis of clinical data showed that its use for 7 days led to a significant reduction in symptom severity. Improvement in the general condition of cats was accompanied by a decrease in pain lev-els, cessation of vocalization, absence of hematuria, normalization of the frequency and quality of litter box visits, satisfactory bladder emptying, restoration of appetite and social activity. This indicates the multimodal effect of the drug on the psychoneuroendocrine status of animals suf-fering from idiopathic cystitis. The use of Trazapentin® for 180 days provided a stable positive preventive effect. The number of feline idiopathic cystitis cases in the experimental group decreased by 7 times com-pared to group of placebo, confirming its ability to prevent idiopathic cystitis relapses. Moreover, cats re-ceiving the drug showed a 41% reduction in the average duration of relapse episodes, which is a significant indicator of improved animal quality of life.
