Opole University

Chronic wounds impose a considerable clinical and economic burden, and their effective management requires objective, repeatable monitoring over time. Smartphone-based photogrammetry may enable acquisition of 3D metrics without the need for expensive dedicated scanners. This scoping review aimed to identify and organize digital methodologies applicable to wound measurement and monitoring, with particular emphasis on smartphone photogrammetry as a practical approach for routine care. A scoping review was conducted to identify digital wound measurement methodologies. The included approaches were organized according to the main pipeline stages: acquisition, reconstruction, and analysis. Reported metrics, including area, depth, volume, and tissue-assessment elements, were catalogued, and validation approaches, comparison methods, and implementation factors were summarized. In addition, a practical photogrammetry workflow with basic quality control (QC) gates is presented as pragmatic guidance informed by the reviewed literature for use during routine dressing changes. A review of the literature reveals that trend analysis, such as the percentage reduction over time appears to have high clinical relevance. Furthermore, the literature indicates that consistency and repeatability of measurement appear to be more important than single-measurement accuracy. Two-dimensional measurements can underestimate wound size on anatomically curved surfaces. In contrast, three-dimensional metrics, such as depth and volume, along with depth maps, may provide a more informative description of deep wounds. In deeper wounds, reductions in depth or volume (Z-axis changes) may precede visible reductions in the two-dimensional outline. The quality of the results appears to be strongly influenced by the acquisition conditions, such as angle, lighting, stability, and marker. The comparability of volumes is limited by the lack of clear definitions of the reference surface and inconsistent reporting of agreement and error metrics. Smartphone photogrammetry is an attractive implementation solution for clinics and telemedicine; however, its efficacy is contingent upon the standardization of acquisition, the integration of simple QC gates, and the establishment of transparent definitions of 3D metrics and compliance reporting. These measures may enhance comparability, facilitating reliable assessments between visits and centers.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely used type of nanoparticles due to their antimicrobial properties. While their application in disease treatment is well established, less is known about their ecological effects after they are released into ecosystems, where they may affect microorganisms and disrupt ecological balance. A green synthesis using Sambucus nigra fruit extract was applied to prepare AgNPs of two sizes, and their interactions with Brevundimonas vesicularis USM1, Pseudarthrobacter oxydans USM2, Pseudomonas putida USM4, Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were examined. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, TEM, and DLS, and microbial growth was assessed using microplate assays and colony enumeration. No significant inhibition of E. coli ATCC 10536, S. aureus ATCC 25923, or P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was observed in the presence of small (22 nm) or large (66 nm) AgNPs. Growth inhibition occurred in P. oxydans USM2 and P. putida USM4 exposed to small AgNPs, and in B. vesicularis USM1, P. oxydans USM2, and P. putida USM4 exposed to large AgNPs. The strain-specific responses indicate a size-dependent impact on bacteria, suggesting potential effects on microbiome structure and function. This study provides insights supporting environmental risk evaluation and safer-by-design development of AgNP-based materials.

This study examines how Dark and Light Triad personality traits relate to managerial job performance through achievement motivation, drawing on the Circumplex Model of Personality Metatraits and the Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation. The study was conducted among 351 managers. Relationships between personality traits, achievement motivation orientations, and multiple dimensions of job performance were examined using GLM analyses. Psychopathy was directly and negatively related to contextual performance. While controlling for achievement motivation, Machiavellianism showed a positive relationship with counterproductive work behaviors, while humanism was positively linked to task and contextual performance. Narcissism and Kantianism were positively related to all types of achievement motivation, whereas psychopathy was negatively related to mastery-approach motivation. Both mastery-approach and performance-approach motivations were positively associated with task and contextual performance, with performance-approach motivation showing a negative relationship with counterproductive work behaviors. Achievement-approach motivation mediated the relationships between narcissism, Kantianism, humanism, and both task and contextual performance. By integrating personality and motivational perspectives, this study highlights achievement motivation as a key mechanism linking personality traits to managerial performance, offering a nuanced understanding of how motivation shapes managers’ job outcomes.

The nuclear symmetry energy is a key component of the equation of state of neutron stars, controlling their macroscopic parameters and internal structure. Currently, it remains an unknown issue in both experimental and theoretical studies within the density range relevant to the interiors of neutron stars. This paper aims to investigate the density dependence of the symmetry energy, analyzing it in terms of the curvature parameter Ksym. The analysis is based on a neutron star matter equation of state constructed using the proposed modified polytropic form. The polytropic equations of state used approximate the complex, realistic ones. The realistic equations of state selected for the analysis in this paper are those derived using the relativistic mean-field approach. The proposed method exploits the existing strong correlations between the incompressibility of both symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter and the calculated values of the neutron star crust-core transition density. Starting from the experimental constraint on the incompressibility of symmetric nuclear matter K0 and based on observationally determined parameters, such as the mass and radius of PSR J0740+6620 pulsar, the formulated method allows for a selection of the range of Ksym values acceptable by both the constraints on K0 and the results of astrophysical observations.

Background: The development of Smart Mobility 4.0 in Polish cities remains uneven and is largely shaped by institutional, organizational, and social conditions influencing urban transport systems. Materials and Methods: This study combines quantitative research conducted on a sample of 1,500 respondents (N=1,500) with in-depth interviews involving representatives of local governments. Results: The findings reveal key barriers to the implementation of advanced mobility solutions, including a misalignment between the rapid pace of technological advancement and the maturity of management structures, the level of data integration, and user readiness. Conclusions: The transition to a Smart Mobility 4.0 model requires strengthening data governance, improved coordination in mobility management, and the development of both administrative capabilities and societal readiness.