Panay Technological College

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a class of technology in which low-cost, multi-functional nodes are used to send information over close range nodes using wireless connection. The technology is an open-media platform, it has also been built based on application-driven technology. Its use is not only limited to military applications but can also be applied to the monitoring of the environment, to the health sector, to emergency response, as well. In recent years, WSNs security had drawn quite a bit of interest, which is due to its characteristics and application scenario. A distributed network infrastructure that is built using nodes and other components is vulnerable to several types of attacks. It is vital to implement security mechanisms in WSNs so that their functionality can be ensured. There are several concerns when it comes to providing security in the WSN due to power constrained nodes and smaller network. This study uses the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) algorithm to detect the outlier nodes in WSN, for the purpose of securing the network. We conducted a research study by deploying 300 nodes of WSNs for the purpose of collecting temperature data from them. It was a promising result that could be implemented in a hardware structure in the future.

Grounding systems play a vital role for dissipating the energy originating from a lightning stroke to the earth, functioning as an important component for protection and safety. In a solar photovoltaic (PV) farm, solar PV panels are fixed on a grounded structure with bolts and nuts. The structure, the frame of the PV panels, and the bolts and nuts are metallic (together called the assembly) and the layout of all assemblies of the entire solar farm depends on the terrain where they are installed. Lightning protection systems which are installed on a solar PV farm are mostly based on a Franklin rod (connected to a down-conductor) as the preferred point of attachment. These lightning rods can be installed either as isolated systems or as non-isolated systems from the solar panel assemblies. This paper is focused on the effect of group grounding on the potential rise across the solar PV panels during lightning strike. This whole assembly is simulated for various lightning attachment points in PSPICE using the lossy transmission line model. Voltage drop at various points in the assembly is measured for various soil resistivity. Based on the simulation results, group grounding of solar PV panels with middle grounding shows relatively low voltage drops compared to end grounding.

The use of herbicides is important to eliminate losses of weed interference on crops. However, excessive and inappropriate employment of these substances can cause serious consequences to the environment. In this way, the release system is very attractive for the weed control in the agriculture area. The aim of this work was to study a new delivery system for sulfentrazone herbicide encapsulated into the calcium alginate (Ca-ALG) microparticles for the weed control. The alginate microparticles were prepared via ionotropic gelation method and characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The controlled release (M t /M ∞ vs. time) of the sulfentrazone herbicide was also analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy where we proposed different mathematical models to understand the mechanisms of controlled release of the herbicide. Furthermore, the release tests in field trial weed control were conducted using bioindicator species (Cucumis Sativus—Cucumber) to study the phytotoxicity evaluation caused by the Ca-ALG microparticles at different concentrations and their relationship with leaching depth. The results showed that the Ca-ALG microparticles exhibited good encapsulation efficiency (%EE): 76.11, 78.62, and 80.42% for the 4, 5 and 6 g L−1 concentration of herbicide. The release rates in the region I were 39.2, 46.5, and 35.5 mg s−1 for the 4, 5, and 6 g L−1 of herbicide concentration, respectively. The Ca-ALG microparticles containing sulfentrazone herbicide demonstrated potential application in controlled release platforms in agricultural as well as for controlling of weeds and minimization of leaching processes.

In order to overcome the slow convergence rate,too much number of iterations and the fixed heredity probability is extremely easy in the heredity operation to destroy questions and so on high compatible individual.According to the differences of the parameters of the generating papers,this paper uses incomplete random searching strategy.For the low adaptability of individual,it uses crossover,mutation operators for rapid elimination.As the meanwhile,it uses an iterative process to increase the best individual saving mechanisms and to decrease the cost of the high computing efficiency of the generating paper.Experimental result indicates that compared with traditional algorithm,the adaptive genetic algorithm has the characteristics such as fast convergence rate,high speed of running times and more accuracy of generating papers.

Objective The improvement can be carried out to the oxidation of phenathroline-Fe2+ in order to be effective and more sensitive in screening the free radical scavenger.MethodsMaking experiments by comparing the conditions of different pH,heat preservations and various wavelengh.ResultsThe complex of phenathroline-Fe2+ had great Absorbance with 510 nm wavelength in the environment of pH4.5,and the Absorbance was larger and more stable after the 30 min heat preservation.ConclusionThe improvement can increase the sensibility for sereening the free radical scavenger.