Port Said University (Arabic: جامعة بورسعيد) is a university in Port Said, Egypt. It was established in 2010, after the decision of the Egyptian president to establish this university to succeed Port Said's branch of the Suez Canal University which was established in 1976.
This paper proposes an adaptive Overcurrent (OC) relay protection scheme that combines load forecasting and clustering-based operating state identification to dynamically adjust relay settings. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model predicts feeder current, allowing the system to proactively select appropriate relay setting groups for different load conditions. The method is validated on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network. Results show that the forecasting model achieves an Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2.94 %, while the relay settings derived from predicted loads closely match those obtained from actual data. The difference in operating time is negligible between forecast-based and actual coordination and a safety protection mechanism is employed to deal with the forecast or classification errors by switching to a safe backup protection group. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in maintaining reliable protection performance under changing operating conditions through SCADA, and are activated using IEC 61,850 protocols and GOOSE-based group switching mechanisms. The time-domain analysis shows a worst-case timing deviation below 41 ms, well within the 300 ms Coordination Time Interval (CTI) requirement.
This study offers a detailed case-based evaluation of a laboratory-scale vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) system treating aquaculture wastewater characterized by a controlled effluent matrix and carefully managed hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Unlike more generalized constructed wetlands (CWs) applications, our research integrates specific operational parameters including vertical flow design, a 360 L treatment capacity, and a hydraulic loading rate of 8.2 L/d/m2 to systematically assess the removal of critical pollutants such as nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO4-3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and potassium (K+). The significant pollutants reductions achieved NO3- by 73.9%, PO4-3 by 96.3%, and BOD by over 90% demonstrate the system's high efficacy and validate its practical potential as a climate-resilient, nature-based treatment solution tailored for sustainable small-holder aquaculture systems. Indeed, our work emphasizes the quantification of multi-parameter attenuation under five distinct HRTs conditions during a short-term experimental trial, offering valuable, actionable insights for optimizing VFCW configurations adapted to aquaculture wastewater characteristics. This focused approach, addressing a specific aquaculture effluent matrix with operational conditions tailored to laboratory-scale treatment systems, clearly differentiates our contribution as an incremental yet valuable advancement. Moreover, it provides practical, real-world context insights and design implications for climate-resilient, nature-based wastewater treatment solutions that are well-suited to support sustainable aquaculture practices. We thereby explicitly acknowledge the foundation established by extensive prior research while delineating our study's unique contextual and operational contributions within the constructed wetland domain.
The novelty of this work lies in the development of a sustainable nanomaterial with an exceptionally high surface area and the comprehensive application of advanced nonlinear isotherm and kinetic modeling. Avocado seed nanomaterial (ASNM) was comprehensively characterized, particle size analysis revealed a uniform distribution of 155-160 nm, with BET surface areas of 2963.4 m2/g, confirming microporous character. SEM imaging revealed a rough morphology, while TEM confirmed nanodomains. Several nonlinear isotherm models were employed to evaluate the efficacy of adsorption. Henry, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevish, Jovanovic, Harkins-Jura, Frenkel-Halsey-Hill, Elovich, Sips, Toth, Khan, Liu, Jossens, Radke-Prausnitz, Redlich-Peterson, Hill, Baudu, and Fritz-Schlunder isotherms were used to test the equilibrium data. The model parameters were statistically analyzed using error functions, including the Residual Sum of Squares Error, Chi-square, Average Relative Error, Hybrid Fractional Error Function, Marquardt's Percent Standard Deviation, coefficient of determination, adjusted coefficient, and Root Mean Square Error. For isotherm model, Liu had a goodness of fit. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, Avrami, Weber-Morris, Linear Driving Force, Boyd's external diffusion, and Bangham models were used to examine the kinetic data. The Avrami and Bangham models provided the best fit for the sorption kinetics of phenol. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed that phenol adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous.
BACKGROUND The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system represents one of the most genetically diverse and densely packed genomic regions, playing a fundamental role in orchestrating immune responses. Among molecular markers linked to viral pathogenesis and immune modulation are insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) and intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (I-FABP). AIM To investigate the influence of the HLA variant rs1131500, together with IGF-2 and I-FABP, on susceptibility to hepatitis C virus (HCV), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and their co-occurrence, to identify predictive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. METHODS The study involved quantifying circulating levels of IGF-2, I-FABP, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and genotyping HLA rs1131500 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Participants provided nasopharyngeal swabs for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA and blood samples for HCV RNA analysis and biomarker assessment. RESULTS Levels of IGF-2 and I-FABP were notably higher in all patient categories, with the highest values observed in co-infected individuals (P < 0.0001). A moderate positive correlation was observed between I-FABP and IFN-gamma in COVID-19 cases (r = 0.261, P = 0.05). IGF-2 had the most substantial predictive value (odds ratio [OR]: 4.5-5.5), while IFN-gamma showed a protective trend (OR < 1) when combined with IGF-2 and I-FABP. CONCLUSION IGF-2 emerged as the most consistent and reliable biomarker across all patient groups, particularly in COVID-19 and co-infections. I-FABP was a strong marker for co-infection, less so for COVID-19, and ineffective for HCV alone. Genetically, the CC genotype was more common in the HCV and Control groups, whereas the TT genotype was associated with COVID-19 and co-infection, suggesting potential diagnostic value.
Abstract Background With the changing perception of Caesarean Section (CS) from a lifesaving to a routine procedure, non-medically indicated CS is increasing. This study assessed the prevalence, indications, and preference for CS among women attending primary health care (PHC) units in Port Said Governorate, Egypt. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 in six primary health care units across Port-Said Governorate, Egypt. Married women of childbearing age who had experienced at least one childbirth (primiparous and multiparous) were included. A total of 179 participants were recruited using multistage sampling, combining random selection of PHC units and consecutive sampling of eligible women. Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire covering socio-demographics, obstetric history, last delivery experience, and preference for the next delivery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v26, including univariate and multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with CS and delivery preference. Results A total of 179 women participated in the study. Of these, 68% had CS for their last delivery. The most frequently reported reasons for previous CS were fear of labor (56%), prolonged labor (18%), and long distance to the hospital (15.6%). Regarding future delivery preferences, (61.5%) of women expressed a preference for CS. The leading reasons cited were less pain (81.8% ), the belief that CS is safer for the baby (57.3%), and the knowledge of the time of delivery (32.2%). Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors for each outcome. Women with higher income [AOR 10.0, 95% CI 2.7–36.9, < 0.001] and those whose doctor suggested CS [AOR 19.2, 95% CI 5.5–67.1, p < 0.001] were more likely to have had a CS in their last delivery. In contrast, preference for CS in the next delivery was independently associated with higher husband education [AOR 12.1, 95% CI 1.2–124.3, p = 0.036] and a history of previous CS [AOR 14.7, 95% CI 6.2–34.6, p < 0.001]. Conclusion Fear of labor and previous CS were the main drivers of past and preferred future CS deliveries, with non-medical factors outweighing medical indications. Findings highlight the need for educational interventions to support informed delivery choices.
