ANNOTATION. The full-scale war in Ukraine and the increasing incidence of cancer in young adults have created an urgent need for emergency protocols for male fertility preservation. Mass mobilization, demographic crisis, and the necessity of urgent initiation of anticancer treatment require clear algorithms for urologist-andrologists in time-limited conditions. OBJECTIVE. To systematize current approaches to sperm cryopreservation in two critical clinical situations — military mobilization and oncological diseases — with the development of practical algorithms for urologists in Ukraine. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Analysis of international guidelines (ASCO 2024, ESMO 2020, CFAS 2023), legislative changes in Ukraine, and experience of leading reproductive centers in the country. CONCLUSIONS. Timely sperm cryopreservation is a critical component of preserving the nation’s reproductive health. The urologist-andrologist plays a key role in rapid assessment, counseling, and performing fertility preservation procedures under extreme conditions.
