Reva Institute of Technology and Management

Purpose The fluctuations that occurred between the power requirements have shown a higher range of voltage regulations and frequency. The fluctuations are caused because of substantial changes in the energy dissipation. The operational efficiency has been reduced when the power grid is enabled with the help of electric vehicles (EVs) that were created by the power resources. The model showed an active load matching for regulating the power and there occurred a harmonic motion in energy. The main purpose of the proposed research is to handle the energy sources for stabilization which has increased the reliability and improved the power efficiency. This study or paper aims to elaborate the security and privacy challenges present in the vehicle 2 grid (V2G) network and their impact with grid resilience. Design/methodology/approach The smart framework is proposed which works based on Internet of Things and edge computations that managed to perform an effective V2G operation. Thus, an optimum model for scheduling the charge is designed on each EV to maximize the number of users and selecting the best EV using the proposed ant colony optimization (ACO). At the first, the constructive phase of ACO where the ants in the colony generate the feasible solutions. The constructive phase with local search generates an ACO algorithm that uses the heterogeneous colony of ants and finds effectively the best-known solutions widely to overcome the problem. Findings The results obtained by the existing in-circuit serial programming-plug-in electric vehicles model in terms of power usage ranged from 0.94 to 0.96 kWh which was lower when compared to the proposed ACO that showed power usage of 0.995 to 0.939 kWh, respectively, with time. The results showed that the energy aware routed with ACO provided feasible routing solutions for the source node that provided the sensor network at its lifetime and security at the time of authentication. Originality/value The proposed ACO is aware of energy routing protocol that has been analyzed and compared with the energy utilization with respect to the sensor area network which uses power resources effectively.

Recently, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) have gathered a lot of attention by integrating an electric motor with an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) to minimize fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The On-Board Chargers (OBCs) are selected in this research because they are limited by dimensions and mass, and also consume low amounts of power. The Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of a filter capacitor is minor, so the zero produced by the ESR is positioned at a high frequency. In this state, the system magnitude gradually drops, causing a ripple in the circuit that generates a harmful impact on the battery’s stability. To improve the stability of the system, a Neural Network with an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (NN–IPSO) control algorithm was developed. This study establishes an isolated converter topology for PHEVs to preserve battery-charging functions through a lesser number of power electronic devices over the existing topology. This isolated converter topology is controlled by NN–IPSO for the PHEV, which interfaces with the battery. The simulation results were validated in MATLAB, indicating that the proposed NN–IPSO-based isolated converter topology minimizes the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) to 3.69% and the power losses to 0.047 KW, and increases the efficiency to 99.823%, which is much better than that of the existing Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) power train topology.

This experimental and numerical study examines the combustion characteristics (CCS) of a Kirloskar four-stroke compression ignition (CI) engine powered by 20% chicken fat biodiesel by volume mixed with diesel fuel (CB20) for three different compression ratios (CRs) of 14: 1, 16.5: 1 and 18: 1. The CI engine used three 0.15 mm diameter fuel injection nozzles to inject fuel at a pressure of 220 bar. Experiments were conducted to measure the engine CCs of the CB20 biodiesel mixed fuel, and output results such as the maximum pressure in the cylinder of each CRs, the volume consumed by the compression stroke, and the volume maintained in the expansion stage by the piston movement were obtained. In the numer-ical analysis, the ANSYS IC engine model was used as a simulation tool to predict the behavior of pressure, volume, heat release rate (HRR) and temperature during piston movement in the combustion chamber at different stages of crank angle. The percentage variation of peak pressure was 7.24, 6.83 and 14.7 bar from simulation is observed for CRs 14:1, 16.5:1 and 18:1 respectively as compared to experimental val-ues. Similarly it is observed that, the HRR in the cylinder at CR 14:1, 16.5:1 and 18:1 are 36.33 J at CA 364, 32.85 J at CA 364 and 27.54 Joules at CA 363 for CFD analysis respectively. Also, the volume profile and temperature inside the cylinder for different CRs indicates that CB20 fuel can be used within the CI engine with no modification to the engine. Thus CFD analysis could be a useful tool for future researchers for combustion modelling. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Technology Innovation in Mechanical Engineering-2021.

In network-on-chip design, choosing the right strategy for packet transmission is a key challenge. One of the choices for packet transmission is wormhole routing strategy, which is focused on this paper. In wormhole routing, packets get divided into flits. It operates by advancing the header flit from incoming channel to outgoing channel followed by the remaining flits. The traversal of a packet from source to destination address primarily is dependent on the processing time within a module. So, the total time required to reach the destination node is equal to the number of traversals required to reach the target address from the source address, multiplied by the processing time taken by each module. The time taken for a node to process a packet and transfer it to the destination interface in the proposed Verilog simulation method is 4 ps, which runs in steps of 1 ps each. On comparing single transfer scenario and parallel transfer scenario, in single transfer scenario 4 cycles are needed for the transfer of a full packet towards single interface. In parallel transfer scenario, only 4 cycles are needed for the transfer of full packets towards four different interfaces. This paper discusses the routing of flits in parallel input interface scenario in a generic kind of network-on-chip framework using wormhole routing algorithm and its simulation results using Verilog.

This article discusses the synchronization problem of singular neutral complex dynamical networks (SNCDN) with distributed delay and Markovian jump parameters via pinning control. Pinning control strategies are designed to make the singular neutral complex networks synchronized. Some delay-dependent synchronization criteria are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities based on a modified Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach. By applying the Lyapunov stability theory, Jensen's inequality, Schur complement, and linear matrix inequality technique, some new delay-dependent conditions are derived to guarantee the stability of the system. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.