Royal Academy of Cambodia

The quality of health services in Cambodia continues to face multiple challenges. Despite ongoing reforms, gaps remain in meeting the expectations of key stakeholders. The purposes of this study were threefold: (1) to find out the level of service quality practice; (2) to determine the relationship between health service quality and patient satisfaction; (3) to examine the effect of each dimension of service quality on patient satisfaction. A quantitative approach was adopted, with structured questionnaires used to collect data, with a reliability between 0.82 and 0.96. A total of 220 patients visiting 11 public hospitals across Cambodia participated in this study, which used a purposive sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS. The results showed that overall service quality practice was perceived at a high level (M = 4.22, S.D. = 0.60). Among all SERVPERF dimensions, empathy and assurance had the highest mean scores (4.26 and 4.25, respectively), followed by reliability, tangibles, and responsiveness. The results also showed that all dimensions are positively and significantly associated with patient satisfaction at the 0.01 level, with overall correlation coefficients ranging from r = 0.62 to r = 0.89. This finding provides empirical validation of the SERVPERF model in Cambodian public hospitals, with empathy and assurance as key dimensions for enhancing patient satisfaction. Policymakers and health educators working in Cambodia are given recommendations. The Ministry of Health and international health partners may find this study useful.

This chapter focuses on the effect of transformational leadership on increasing student retention and persistence among Cambodian university students. Based on the theory of transformational leadership, theories of student retention, and the model of Tinto, the chapter discusses the impact of transformational leadership on creating a conducive atmosphere for learning and motivating students to stay in school. This chapter also analyzes the above phenomena against the background of Cambodia's rapidly growing but still developing system of higher education, which faces many challenges, such as high rates of student dropout. Evidence-based interventions for increasing student retention and persistence in Cambodian universities include improving the academic infrastructure, boosting student engagement, introducing mentoring, making curricula relevant, and optimizing institutional policies and resource distribution.

This study demonstrates an efficient and sustainable method for synthesizing magnetite (Fe₃O₄) from industrial mill scale waste and its application for long-term arsenic (As) removal in packed-bed column reactors. Magnetite was synthesized via a reverse coprecipitation route optimized by controlling the pH during synthesis. The Fe₃O₄ particles produced at pH 8.3 ± 0.2 exhibited the highest adsorption capacities of 12.68 mg g⁻¹ for As(V) and 10.49 mg g⁻¹ for As(III), with a synthesis yield of 96.7%. Column experiments demonstrated over 99% As(V) removal efficiency using 80 g of Fe₃O₄ at an influent concentration of 1,000 µg L⁻¹ and pH 7.0, maintaining consistent performance through four adsorption–desorption cycles regenerated with 0.2 N NaOH. The reverse coprecipitation method significantly enhanced Fe₃O₄ crystallinity, uniformity, and adsorption efficiency compared with the conventional coprecipitation technique. Furthermore, the synthesized Fe₃O₄ showed high stability, reusability, and scalability, making it suitable for continuous treatment systems. This study provides a practical and eco-friendly approach for recycling industrial mill scale into high-performance magnetite adsorbents, contributing to sustainable waste utilization and environmental protection. The findings highlight the potential of Fe₃O₄-based packed-bed reactors as a cost-effective and scalable solution for removing arsenic from contaminated groundwater.

The global beverage industry has new opportunities and challenges from non-alcoholic wine, particularly in areas with minimal wine consumption or culturally specific wine practices. In this regard, Cambodia serves as a compelling case study for the acceptability of non-alcoholic wine among consumers. Specifically, the wine culture is underdeveloped, presenting opportunities for market introduction and cultural barriers. By contrast, beer and spirits prevail in social and cultural behaviors. Therefore, this chapter analyzes Cambodians' acceptance of non-alcoholic wine from cultural, religious, and generational perspectives. Moreover, social interactions, hospitality, and cosmopolitan lives influence Cambodian drinking behaviors, indicating that urban young and middle-class consumers may exhibit interest. In addition, the chapter analyzes the impact of sustainability and innovation on non-alcoholic wine, emphasizing opportunities to advocate for it as a healthier and socially responsible option.

This chapter discusses ways to prepare Cambodian students for an AI-driven society by 2050 and beyond. Cambodia struggles with infrastructure, educator preparation, and socio-cultural factors affecting technology integration. A comprehensive strategy must include curriculum development, educator training, technological accessibility, community involvement, and policy endorsement. AI, ICT literacy, STEM, and coding in Cambodian-specific curricula will improve critical thinking, creativity, and practical problem-solving. Effective AI instruction requires teacher preparation through gradual professional development. Technology availability through public-private partnerships will reduce digital gaps and promote equal education. Parents, communities, and NGOs may raise awareness, encourage innovation, and motivate students to learn AI. Finally, a comprehensive national AI education strategy, along with monitoring and evaluation tools, will ensure Cambodia's success in an AI-driven society.